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Steyr Mannlicher M1895
The Steyr-Mannlicher M1895 is an Austro-Hungarian bolt-action rifle, developed and designed by Ferdinand Ritter Von Mannlicher. It features a straight-pull bolt-action feeding from single-column magazine fed by en-bloc 5-round clips. The long rifle features a 30.1" barrel, and the carbine a 19" barrel. Both rifle and carbine feature a single-piece stock with full-length handguard. It fires the 8x50mmR cartridge. The rifle was produced at Österreichische Waffenfabriks-Gesellschaft, Steyr, from 1896 to 1918, and Fegyver és Gépgyár Rt. ("Arms and Machine Manufacturing Company") in Budapest from 1897 to 1918. Over 3,000,000 rifles were produced, roughly 75% at Steyr. Bulgaria purchased many M95s, beginning in 1903. It was the primary battle rifle of the Austro-Hungarian Landwehr and the Bulgarian Army during World War I, and continued to serve the postwar Austrian, Hungarian, and Bulgarian armies.
During the latter half of the 1920s, Mannlicher developed a more powerful cartridge, the 8x56mmR, and Austria converted many existing rifles and carbines beginning in 1930, and Hungary followed suit in 1931. Austrian conversions are referred to as the M95/30, and Hungarian conversions as the M95/31. Rifles converted to 8x56mmR had a large "S" stamped on the barrel shank. Many M95s were captured by Yugoslavia and Greece during World War I, and in 1924, both countries began converting these to 7.92x57mm Mauser. The modifications consisted of a new 23.5" 7.92x57mm barrel with Mauser-type tangent-leaf sights, and the magazine was modified to allow conventional loading with a stripper clip. Conversions were done at FN Herstal, Waffenfabrik Steyr, and domestically in Yugoslavia. These rifles are referred to as the M95/24 in Greek service and M95M in Yugoslavian service.
During World War II, the M95 was issued to Nazi German police forces, and also saw action with many partisans in Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and Italy.
Specifications
(1895 – 1921)
- Type: Rifle
- Caliber: 8x50mmR Mannlicher, 8x56mmR Mannlicher, 6.5x53mm Mannlicher
- Weight: 7.4 lbs (3.36 kg) (short rifle), 8.4 lbs (3.8 kg) (long rifle)
- Length: 39 in (100 cm) (short rifle), 50.1 in (127.2 cm) (long rifle)
- Barrel length: 19 in (48 cm) (short rifle), 30.1 in (76.5 cm) (long rifle)
- Capacity: 5 rounds
- Fire Modes: Bolt-Action
The Steyr Mannlicher M1895 can be seen in the following:
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jánošík | Soldiers | Original M95 | 1921 | |
| Battleship Potemkin | Grigori Aleksandrov | Chief Officer Giliarovsky | Original M95 | 1925 |
| Miss Mend | Vladimir Fogel | Fogel | M95 Stutzen short rifle | 1926 |
| American police | ||||
| Oktyabryukhov and Dekabryukhov | Red Guards | 1928 | ||
| Arsenal | German soldiers | Orignal M95 | 1929 | |
| And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) | Russian Cossacks | Original M95 | 1930 | |
| Mountains on Fire | Luis Trenker | Florian Dimai | Stutzen M95 | 1931 |
| Claus Clausen | Leutnant Kall | |||
| Austrian and Italian soldiers | ||||
| Deserter (Dezertir) | German mounted police | Stutzen or cavalry carbine | 1933 | |
| The Black Cat | Henry Armetta | The Sergeant | M95 carbine version | 1934 |
| Hungarian gendarmes | ||||
| The Golden Taiga (Zolotoye ozero) | I. Mikhailov | Podlipalo | Sporterized military rifle | 1935 |
| V. Tolstova | Marina | |||
| Ivan Novoseltsev | Andrei Sepanov | |||
| The Return of Maxim (Vozvrashchenie Maksima) | Russian cavalry | 1937 | ||
| Fedka | Nikolay Kat-Oglu | Fedka Trofimov | Stutzen M95 | 1937 |
| N. Skalskiy | Grishka Skoblo | |||
| Red cavalrymen | ||||
| Knight Without Armour | Red soldiers | 1937 | ||
| If War Comes Tomorrow (Esli zavtra voyna) | Enemy troops | 1938 | ||
| Lad from Our Town (Paren iz Nashego Goroda) | German soldiers | 1942 | ||
| We Will Come Back (Sekretar raykoma) | German soldiers | 1942 | ||
| Kotovsky | Imperial German soldiers | 1942 | ||
| Fighting Film Collection No. 10 (Boyevoy kinosbornik No. 10) | A German soldier | 1942 | ||
| Fighting Film Collection No. 12 (Boyevoy kinosbornik No. 12) | German soldiers | 1942 | ||
| Ivan Nikulin: Russian Sailor (Ivan Nikulin - Russkiy Matros) | German soldiers | 1944 | ||
| Zigmund Kolosovskiy | German soldiers | 1946 | ||
| Pavel Korchagin | Ukrainian National troops | 1956 | ||
| The Good Soldier Schweik (Dobrý voják Švejk) | Rudolf Hrusínský | Josef Švejk | M95/30 Carbine | 1957 |
| Josef Kemr | The tall soldier | |||
| Josef Sidlichovský | The short soldier | |||
| I Dutifully Report (Poslušne hlásím) | Rudolf Hrusínský | Josef Švejk | M95 rifle, M95/30 short rifle | 1958 |
| Eman Fiala | Jurajda | M95/30 Carbine | ||
| Fanda Mrázek | A gendarme | M95/30 Carbine | ||
| Antonín Sura | A gendarme | M95/30 Carbine | ||
| Austro-Hungarian soldiers | M95 rifles | |||
| The Fabulous World of Jules Verne (Vynález zkázy) | A pirate | Likely original M95 | 1958 | |
| The Great War (La grande guerra) | Austro-Hungarian soldiers | 1959 | ||
| The Good Soldier Schweik (Der brave Soldat Schwejk) | Heinz Rühmann | Josef Schwejk | M1930 Conversion with modified hooded front sight | 1960 |
| Viktor Braun | Gendarm | |||
| Wolf Harnisch | Feldwebel Wannek | |||
| Austro-Hungarian and Russian soldiers | ||||
| Two Half-Times in Hell | Hungarian soldiers | Hungarian 31M | 1961 | |
| The Taste of Violence (Le goût de la violence) | Government troops and guerrillas | Yugoslavian M95M | 1961 | |
| A Star Called Wormwood (Hvezda zvaná Pelynek) | Rudolf Deyl | Pvt. František Noha | M95 carbine version | 1964 |
| Radoslav Brzobohatý | Cpl. Vodicka | |||
| Jirí Sovák | Pvt. Červenka | |||
| Martin Ruzek | Pvt. Koval | |||
| Jan Tríska | Pvt. Lojzík | |||
| Jaroslav Mareš | Pvt. Werner | |||
| Josef Vetrovec | Pvt. Pelnár | |||
| Gustav Heverle | Pvt. Kolarík | |||
| Ladislav H. Struna | Soldier | |||
| Austro-Hungarian soldiers | ||||
| The Corporal and Others | Hungarian soldiers | 1965 | ||
| Check Passed: No Mines (Provereno nema mina) | Yugoslavian soldiers | 1965 | ||
| The Red and the White (Csillagosok, katonák) | Tibor Molnár | András | 1967 | |
| The Eighth (Osmiyat) | Georgi Georgiev-Getz | "Osmiyat" | Bulgarian M96 Carbine | 1969 |
| Anton Gorchev | Vlado | |||
| Stoycho Mazgalov | Stamen | |||
| Nikola Anastasov | "Chaplin" | |||
| Bulgarian soldiers and resistance fighters | ||||
| The Black Angels (Chernite angeli) | Bulgarian soldiers and police | Bulgarian M96 Carbine | 1970 | |
| The Stolen Train (Otkradnatiyat vlak) | Bulgarian soldiers and resistance fighters | Bulgarian M96 Carbine | 1971 | |
| Hot Winter (Horká zima) | Hungarian deserters | M95 carbine version | 1973 | |
| The Day That Shook the World | Austro-Hungarian border guards and policemen | M95 carbine version | 1975 | |
| The Pacing Mustang (Mustang-inokhodets) | Pavel Klyonov | Fred Montgomery | Sporterized M95 | 1976 |
| Cabbages and Kings | Anchurian soldiers | 1978 | ||
| Velvet Season (Barkhatnyy sezon) | French police | 1978 | ||
| The Tin Drum | Daniel Olbrychski | Jan Bronski | 1979 | |
| Mieczyslaw Czechowicz | Kobyella | |||
| Polish defenders and German soldiers | ||||
| The Secret of Steel City (Tajemství Ocelového mesta) | Soldiers and policemen in Steel City | M95 carbine version | 1979 | |
| Identification Marks: None (Osobykh primet net) | Russian cavalrymen | 1979 | ||
| Signum Laudis | Vlado Müller | Cpl. Hoferik | M95 carbine version | 1980 |
| Jirí Zahajský | LCpl. Lorisch | |||
| Jan Pohan | Pvt. Steiner | |||
| Jan Skopecek | Pvt. Reisch | |||
| Jirí Kodes | Pvt. Richter | |||
| Austro-Hungarian soldiers | ||||
| Night Riders (Nocní jazdci) | Radoslav Brzobohatý | Halva | 1981 | |
| Leopold Haverl | Babušek | |||
| Petr Cepek | Janoušek | |||
| Pavel Zednícek | Fořt | |||
| Jirí Kodes | Jan Bílý | |||
| Jirí Krampol | Borovička | |||
| The Green Wagon (Zelyonyy Furgon) | Boryslav Brondukov | Grichenko | 1983 | |
| Dmitry Kharatyan | Volodya Patrikeyev | |||
| Smoky the Cowhorse (Dymka) | Viktor Andrienko | Mike | Steyr Repertier-Stutzen M1895 | 1980 |
| Valeriy Chiglyaev | Joe | |||
| Valeriya Tsoy | Lou | |||
| Colonel Redl | Austro-Hungarian soldiers | M95/30 or M95/31 Short Rifles, M95 Stutzen carbines | 1985 | |
| In Love and War | Chris O'Donnell | Ernest Hemingway | 1996 | |
| Austro-Hungarian and Italian soldiers | ||||
| Uprising | A Soviet border guard | M95 carbine version mocked as Mosin Nagant Model 1907 Carbine | 2001 | |
| Zelary | Jan Tríska | Old Gorcík | M95 carbine version | 2003 |
| The Golden Compass | Samoyed tribesmen | 2007 | ||
| Lake Placid 2 | Seen at the sheriff's office. Short rifle variant | 2007 | ||
| Guard No. 47 | Karel Roden | František Douša | M95 carbine version | 2008 |
| Austro-Hungarian soldiers | ||||
| Battle of Warsaw 1920 | Borys Szyc | Jan Krynicki | M95 carbine version | 2011 |
| Polish soldiers | ||||
| The Monuments Men | Hitler Youth boy | 2014 | ||
| Wilson City | Wilson City Police | M95 carbine version | 2015 | |
| Fritz Lang | Austro-Hungarian soldiers | 2016 | ||
| Hunter Killer | Russian sailors | M95 carbine version | 2018 |
Television
| Show Title | Actor | Character | Note / Episode | Air Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bors | Various characters | 1968 | ||
| Sherlock Holmes: The Last of the Baskervilles (Sherlock Holmes: L'ultimo dei Baskerville) | A soldier | M95 carbine or short rifle | 1968 | |
| Once There Was a House (Byl jednou jeden dum) | Jirí Sovák | Matěj Budák | M95 carbine version; "Bio Ilusion" (S1E2), "Obvaziste Boccaccio" (S1E5) | 1974 |
| Vladimír Mensík | Eduard Drvota | M95 carbine version; "Bio Ilusion" (S1E2) | ||
| Front Without Mercy (Front ohne Gnade) | Spanish Republicans, Italian soldiers | Carbine; Ep.5-6 | 1984 | |
| Lenin...The Train | German and French soldiers | 1988 | ||
| Wounded Stones (Ranenyye kamni) | Nikita Dzhigurda | Asker | Sporterized | 1988 |
| Igor Slobodskoy | Akhmat | |||
| Hearts of Three (Serdtsa tryokh) | Gediminas Girdvainis | Mariano Vercara | Sporterized | 1992 |
| The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: Volume 2 | German soldiers | 1992 - 1994 | ||
| Nero Wolfe | An Austro-Hungarian soldier | "Il patto dei sei" (E04) | 2012 | |
| Sarajevo 1914. The Eve of the Great War | Austro-Hungarian soldiers | 2014 | ||
| 14 - Diaries of the Great War | David Oberkogler | Karl Kasser | 2014 | |
| Austro-Hungarian soldiers | ||||
| The Flash - Season 1 | Ep. "The Fastest Man Alive" | 2014 - 2015 | ||
| And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) | Evgeniy Tkachuk | Grigoriy Melekhov | M95 Carbine | 2015 |
| Austro-Hungarian infantry soldiers | M95 Rifles | |||
| Hungarian Hussars, Russian Cossacks | M95 Carbines | |||
| Alex the Fierce (Alex Lyutyj) | Hilfspolizei | Short rifles, unclear model | 2020 |
Video Games
| Game Title | Appears as | Note | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Battlefield: 1918 | 2004 | ||
| Battle of Empires: 1914-1918 | 2014 | ||
| Battlefield 1 | "Gewehr M. 95" | 2016 | |
| Sniper Elite 4 | "Mannlicher M1895" | 2017 | |
| Battlefield V | "Gewehr M. 95/30" | 2018 | |
| Tannenberg | "Infanterie Repetiergewehr M.95" | 2019 | |
| "Repetierstutzen M.95" | |||
| Enlisted | Steyr M1895 Short Rifle | 2021 | |
| Isonzo | "Infanterie Repetiergewehr M.95" | 2022 | |
| "Repetierstutzen M.95" |
Anime
| Title | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Porco Rosso | seen hanging in Milan gun shop | 1992 | |
| Izetta: The Last Witch | Elystadt forces | 2016 | |
| Saga of Tanya the Evil | Dachia Grand Duchy's regular infantry | Mannlicher M1893 | 2017 |
Steyr Mannlicher M1888-90
After the introduction of the French Lebel 1886 in 8 mm, the Austrians found themselves in a position of subjugation because their rifle regulation was still the Mannlicher 1886 11mm caliber. It was then decided to develop a new ammunition similar to the French, and so the Mannlicher 1888 model 8x50R caliber black powder was born. A total of approximately 290,000 copies were produced from the Arsenal OEWG Steyr (Österreichische Gesellschaft Waffenfabrik Werndl in Steyr).
In 1890, after the introduction of the smokeless powder and corresponding ammunition, the rear sight was modified by applying two plates to uphold their calibration from 300 to 1800 steps (225-1350 m) on the left-hand scale and from 2000 to 3000 steps (1500 - 2250 m) in the right graduation and became the 1888-90 model. Many of these rifles were taken by the Italians as war booty in 1917 and subsequently deployed in the Second World War. The 1888/90 model was also officially delivered to Bulgaria, Greece and Hungary, but also used in the Chilean Civil War of 1891.
Specifications
(1888 – 1896)
- Type: Rifle
- Caliber: 8x52mmR Mannlicher (M88), 8x50mmR Mannlicher (M88-90)
- Weight: 9.7 lbs (4.41 kg)
- Length: 50 in (1,280 mm)
- Barrel length: 30.1 in (765 mm)
- Capacity: 5 rounds
- Fire Modes: Bolt-Action
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boule de Suif | French soldiers | 1934 | ||
| The Sisters (Syostry) | Austro-Hungarian soldier | With non-standard bayonet | 1957 | |
| The Great Road | Rudolf Hrusínský | Pvt. Strašlipka | 1962 | |
| Austro-Hungarian soldiers | ||||
| The Red and the White (Csillagosok, katonák) | Tibor Molnár | András | Some with flat rear sights | 1967 |
| József Madaras | István | |||
| Juhász Jácint | Janós | |||
| Two Comrades Were Serving (Sluzhili dva tovarishcha) | A Red Army soldier | Supposedly M1885 | 1968 | |
| The Gypsy Camp Vanishes Into the Blue (Tabor ukhodit v nebo) | Austro-Hungarian gendarmes | 1976 | ||
| Identification Marks: None (Osobykh primet net) | Russian cavalrymen | 1979 | ||
| The Lost City of Z | Charlie Hunnam | Col. Percy Fawcett | 2017 |
Television
| Show Title | Actor | Character | Note / Episode | Air Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Road to Calvary (Khozhdenie po mukam) | Austro-Hungarian soldiers, Czechoslovak Legioneers | M85; Ep.2,3,6 | 1977 | |
| Cabbages and Kings | Anchurian soldiers | 1978 | ||
| Hearts of Three | Warriors of The Blind Brigand | 1992 |
Video Games
| Game Title | Appears as | Note | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tannenberg | "Infanterie Repetiergewehr M.88-90" | 2019 | |
| "Karabina Mannlicher obr 1890G" | |||
| Isonzo | "Infanterie Repetiergewehr M.88-90" | 2022 | |
| "Repetier Carabiner M.90" |
Hembrug M95
In 1895, the Royal Netherlands Army adopted a variant of the Mannlicher M.1893 produced for Romania, which was, in turn, developed from the German Gewehr 88. This was a conventional turn-bolt action feeding from a Mannlicher 5-round magazine loaded with en-bloc clips, chambered in 6.5x53mmR. It featured a 28.5" barrel, one-piece stock, and half-length handguard.
Two carbine variants were produced, No.1 and No.3 (see discussion page). Initial production was at Waffenfabrik Steyr beginning in 1895, however in 1904 licensed production began at Hembrug Zaandam in the Netherlands; roughly 470,000 rifles were produced. It served the Dutch Army for 47 years, due to the lack of funds to replace it.
The Hembrug M95 and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation Amsterdam | Dutch soldiers and resistance fighters | rifle version | 1959 | |
| Pretty Boy Floyd | Roy Fant | Jed Watkins | KNIL No.1 Carbine | 1960 |
| Soldier of Orange | Derek de Lint | Alex | Rifle version | 1977 |
| Huib Rooymans | Jan Weinberg | No.1 carbine version | ||
| Dutch soldiers | No.1 & No.3 carbine versions plus rifle version |
FÉG 35M
FÉG 35M is a Hungarian rifle based on Mannlicher system. It is chambered in 8x56R. The rifle was designed and manufactured by FÉG weapon factory from 1935 until 1950s.
The FÉG 35M and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Green Wagon (Zelyonyy Furgon) | Vladimir Kolokoltsev | Volodya Kozachenkox | 1959 | |
| Yuri Timoshenko | Grichenko | |||
| The Corporal and Others | German soldiers | 1965 | ||
| Cabbages and Kings | Anchurian soldiers | 1978 | ||
| The Green Wagon (Zelyonyy Furgon) | Dmitry Kharatyan | Volodya Patrikeyev | 1983 | |
| Colonel Redl | Austro-Hungarian soldiers | 1985 |
Television
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hearts of Three (Serdtsa tryokh) | Vladimir Shevelkov | Francis Morgan | 1992 | |
| Solano brothers, gendarmes, brigands |
G.98/40
The Gewehr 98/40 was the last in a line of Mannlicher turn-bolt rifles manufactured at Fegyver És Gépgyár of Budapest. It was based on the earlier Puska 35M in 8x56mmR, the standard service rifle of the Hungarian Army. A shortage of Kar98k rifles in the Wehrmacht resulted in modification of the 35M as a substitute-standard. The rifle was re-chambered to 7.92x57mm Mauser, a Mauser-type staggered-column box magazine fed by stripper-clips replaced the en-bloc Mannlicher system, the bolt handle was bent, a M98-pattern bayonet lug was fitted, and the sights altered to resemble those of the Kar98k. It was adopted into German service as the G.98/40, and in Hungarian service the rifle was designated Puska 43M.
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Warrior's Heart | German soldier | 1992 |
Television
| Title | Actor | Character | Note/Episode | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mission: Impossible | Steven Hill | Dan Briggs | "Wheels" (S01E07) | 1966 |
| Mission: Impossible | various guards | 1966-196777 | ||
| Mission: Impossible | various guards | 1967-1968 | ||
| Mission: Impossible | Greg Morris | Barney Collier | "Trial by Fury" (S02E24) | 1968 |
| Star Trek: Voyager | Mark Deakins | Hirogen SS Officer | "The Killing Game" (Season 4, Ep.18,19) | 1998 |
| Star Trek: Voyager | German Soldiers | "The Killing Game" (Season 4, Ep.18,19) | 1998 |
See Also
- Steyr Mannlicher - A list of all firearms manufactured by Steyr Mannlicher.