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TP-82
The TP-82 (Russian: ТП-82) is a Soviet triple-barreled survival weapon issued to cosmonauts. The idea of a cosmonaut survival weapon was first experimented with by TsNIITochMash in the 70s, after Soviet cosmonaut Alexey Leonov approached TsNIITochMash and raised his concerns about the need of a survival weapon for hunting should a cosmonaut land in remote and inhospitable wilderness filled with wild animals. Leonov himself had the experience of landing in the middle of nowhere during the Voskhod 2 mission. The cosmonauts had access to a Portable Survival Kit (Носимый аварийный запас, Nosimyi Avariynyi Zapas), or NAZ, in their Soyuz capsule, but it only contained a Makarov PM that was unsuitable for hunting.
In 1981, it was decided that the SONAZ, or "Small Arms of Portable Survival Kit" (Russian: СОНАЗ, Стрелковое Оружие Носимого Аварийного Запаса), would be put into full development, which would contain a weapon and its ammunition. One year after the project was announced, the TP-82 was developed, and was selected as the SONAZ.
The TP-82 is a triple-barreled break-action rifle/shotgun. The upper two smoothbore barrels are chambered in 12.5x70mm, while the lower rifled barrel is chambered in 5.45x39mm. The SONAZ kit was issued with special modified cartridges: the 12.5x70mm SP-D smokeless buckshot, 12.5x70mm SP-S signal shot, and 5.45x39mm SN-P with soft-point bullet. The weapon came with a detachable stock, which contained a machete and a sheathe for the machete.
The TP-82 has a single trigger and two exposed hammers. The right hammer fires the right shotgun barrel, and the left fires the left shotgun barrel and can be switched to fire the bottom rifle barrel via a sliding selector on the side of the gun. Pushing a lever located on the left side of the gun leftwards breaks open the weapon for reloading.
The TP-82 was carried on Soviet and Russian space missions from 1982 until 2007, when it was reported that the remaining TP-82 ammunition had ran out.
Specifications
Produced: (1982 - early 1990s) Used: (1982 (officially from 1986) - cca. 2007)
- Type: Survival weapon (combination shotgun / rifle)
- Caliber: 12.5x70 mm (SP-D, SP-S) / 5.45x40 mm (SN-P)
- Weight: Empty: 3.5 lbs (1.6 kg)
- Length: 14.2 in (36 cm); with stock: 26.4 in (67 cm)
- Barrel length: 11.8 in (30 cm)
- Feed System: Break-Action
The TP-82 and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:
Video Games
| Game Title | Appears as | Note | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Call of Duty: WWII | Modified to resemble the M30 Luftwaffe Drilling; cosmetic variant of the M30 Luftwaffe Drilling | 2017 | |
| Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War | "Marshal" | Visually stylised | 2020 |