The Chinese prison guards (including ones played by Logan Wong, Hon Ping Tang, Tom Lung and Chuen Tsou) in Su Chou carry the Norinco Type 56-1. The Vietnamese gunner in the helicopter also fires a Type 56-1 at Bishop and Jiang during the 1975 flashback, as do several Viet Cong. Many of the Lebanese terrorists and Sheik Salameh's men also carry Type 56-1 rifles during the 1985 flashback to Beirut. Some of the East German border guards in the late 1970s flashbacks also carried AKMS rifles.
Walther PPK
CIA operative Tom Bishop (Brad Pitt) carries a Walther PPK during his rescue mission inside the Su Chou prison.
M16A1
U.S. and South Vietnamese soldiers during the Vietnam scenes in 1975 carry the M16A1 with 30-round magazines. U.S. Embassy Marines in Beirut are also armed with M16A1s.
Enfield Enforcer
After Nathan Muir (Robert Redford) convinces S/Sgt. Tom Bishop (Brad Pitt) to assassinate a Vietnamese target, Bishop uses a Enfield Enforcer sniper rifle to carry out his task (or possibly a modified L42A1).
Norinco Type 56
Several of the Vietnamese soldiers guarding Bishop's target carry Norinco Type 56 rifles.
AK-47
Bishop (Brad Pitt) fires the AK-47 carried by his South Vietnamese assistant Jiang (Adrian Pang) at the helicopter gunner. A Lebanese terrorist in Beirut is also seen firing an AK-47.
RPG-7
A terrorist in Beirut during the 1985 flashback fires an RPG-7, seen in one of the photos Bishop takes while undercover as a photojournalist. Somehow the weapon fires despite never being loaded.
SVD Dragunov
In another of Bishop's photos from Beirut, a man is seen with a SVD Dragunov.
MG34
A group of Lebanese terrorists during the Beirut 1985 flashback are seen firing a mounted MG34.
Heckler & Koch MP5A3
The Sheik's personal bodyguards all carry Heckler & Koch MP5A3 SMGs as do the Lebanese terrorists who suicide bomb his home. The U.S. Navy SEALs (including one played by James Embree) under Commander Wiley all carry MP5A3s with fore end weaponlights when rescuing Bishop and Hadley from Su Chou prison during Operation Dinner Out.
unidentified rifle
One of the Sheik's entourage is seen with a rifle.
FN FAL
The Sheik's guards outside his house carry FN FAL rifles in addition to the Type 56-1s.
M1911A1
In his imagination, Muir pictures Tom Bishop being shot inside the Chinese prison with an M1911A1.