The FN FNP-45 Tactical, called the "FNX-45" in game, is one of the .45 semi-automatic handguns in the game. It uses 15 round .45 ACP magazines, and accepts a red-dot sight as well as pistol flashlight. The model appears to be a redone version of the "4-Five .45" taken from ArmA 3, as it even sports the same attachments.
AWC Amphibian S Ruger MKII
The AWC Amphibian S Ruger MKII appears ingame as the "Amphibia S", using a standard 10-round .22LR magazine. It is incredibly quiet, being almost undetectable by players beyond very close range. It is intriguing that a very expensive variant of a pistol used by U.S. Navy SEALs appears in the game at all.
CZ 75 SP-01 SHADOW
The CZ 75 SP-01 SHADOW is available, known ingame as the CR 75, and is made by "Cheraruska Zbrojovka", an odd spin on the real world CZ company. Like the FNX-45, it accepts the ambiguous "pistol suppressor" and "pistol flashlight" (that is also used by both 1911 variants).
Kimber Warrior
A slightly-modified Kimber Warrior appears ingame as the "1911". Unlike the real Kimber Warrior, the in-game 1911 has a traditional M1911-styled rear sight, and has straight slide serrations rather than angled ones. It takes standard 7-round magazines and can sport a pistol flashlight, due to its rails.
A much rarer engraved variant of the 1911, accurately called the "1911 Engraved", is available as well.
Walther P1
A Walther P1 appears as the "P1 Pistol", and uses 8 round 9x19mm magazines. Unlike most of the other pistols, it does not accept any attachments.
Thompson Center Arms Contender
A Thompson Center Arms Contender appears as the "LongHorn". The in-game Contender has a permanently attached scope, and fires 7.62mm rounds.
Makarov IJ-70
The Makarov IJ-70 appears as the "Makarov IJ-70-17F", and is chambered in .380 Auto.
Revolvers
Colt Python
A chrome Colt Python, known as the "Magnum .357" in-game, appears as (currently) the only revolver in the game. The Colt Python is correctly chambered in .357 Magnum, and accepts a speedloader for faster reloading.
Shotguns
Baikal IZH-43
The Baikal IZH-43 appears as the "IZH43", and uses 12 gauge shells. A Sawed-Off IZH-43 can be created using a hacksaw, increasing the recoil and decreasing accuracy but taking up less inventory space. It can be loaded with twin-shell speedloaders.
Baikal MP-133
The Baikal MP-133 appears as the "M133", using a 6-round 12 gauge tube.
Rifles
M4A1 Carbine
The M4A1 Carbine appears, being the only select-fire weapon as of yet. It is correctly chambered in 5.56x45mm ammo, and features the widest amount of customization available to any weapon (Accepting everything from black and OD Magpul stocks and handgrips, to Aimpoint M68 CompM2 and ACOG sights, as well as bipods and flashlights.) It also has the largest variety of magazines; being the standard 30-round STANAGS, as well as 10, 20, 30 and 40 round Magpul P-Mags (All in fashionable black and fabulous OD green) and two coupled 30 round STANAG mags.
Mosin Nagant M91/30
The Mosin Nagant M91/30 appears as the "Mosin 9130". The weapon incorrectly uses 7.62x51mm ammo (and prior to the addition of the SKS, used ambiguous "7.62mm Ammo"). The Mosin-Nagant M91/30 can be equipped with a few attachments, including a 12x Scope, M44 Compensator, M91 bayonet, and PU scope. The Mosin-Nagant can be spray painted black, green, or a camouflage mix of both.
SKS
A Yugoslavian SKS M59/66 appears, simply, as the "SKS". It is correctly chambered in 7.62x39mm, and accepts a bayonet as well as PU scope. The SKS, like the Mosin-Nagant, can be spray painted either black, green, or a camouflage mix of the two.
Blaser B95 "Luxor"
The Blaser B95 "Luxor" appears as the "Blaze 95 Double Rifle", chambered in 7.62x51mm (Which is one of many calibers the B95 supports). It has a measly two round capacity, but is very accurate.
Ruger 10/22
The Ruger 10/22 is featured, as the "Sporter-22" and manufactured by "Kruger Arms" (a common spin on Ruger-based firearms for copyright issues). It can utilize either the standard 10 round rotary magazine or use a 30 round aftermarket magazine.
AKM
An AKM rifle appears as the "AKM". It uses 7.62x39mm ammunition, and is compatible with many attachments. Among them are a PSO-1 scope, several handguard replacements, and an interchangeable full-wooden and folding stock (which is not possible in real-life, as a full-stock AKM receiver does not have the necessary modifications to sport a folding stock.) The game's AKM can become an AKMS that is created when the AKM is given a folding stock. Despite the stocks not being interchangeable in real life, the AKM retains its name and the difference is completely aesthetic.
AK-74M
The AK-74M appears, rather erroneously, as the "AK101", and is chambered incorrectly in 5.56x45mm rounds. The AK101 accepts all of the AKM's attachments, including the wooden parts, and the plastic parts are interchangeable onto the AKM.
While similar to the AK-74M, the AK-101's magazine is slightly less curved, unlike the one appearing in the game. This is due to the fact that the "AK-101" was a re-purposed AK-74M model created before 5.45x39mm ammunition was implemented.
CZ-527 Carbine
The CZ-527, 7.62x39mm carbine variant, appears as the "CR527 Carbine", manufactured by "Cheraruska Zbrojovka" as the CR75 is. The original model created was the .223 variant, but this was later changed to accommodate gameplay.
Mosin-Nagant M91/30 Obrez
As of the 0.48 update, the "Mosin 9130" can be cut down into an Obrez, called the "Sawed-Off Mosin 9130" ingame. Similar to the Sawed-Off IZH-43, the Obrez Mosin features saw marks on the barrel and stock, where the rifle has been cut.
Submachine Guns
Heckler & Koch MP5K
The MP5K appears as the "MP5-K". Although it is found with a PDW-Style stock by default, it does not have the MP5K-PDW styled flash hider and is thus a standard MP5K with the stock attached.
PM-73 RAK
PM-73 RAK appears as the "PM73 RAK". The PM-73 is a .380 Auto variant of the PM-63, which was included as the developers decided against adding 9x18mm ammunition.
Grenades
Currently, grenades only spawn at helicopter crashsites. They are extremely rare, and are unlikely to be encountered, even by experienced players.
M67 Hand Grenade
An M67 Hand Grenade appears as the "Explosive Grenade". The in-game M67 has an unusually large explosion, more akin to high-level aircraft ordnance, rather than a hand grenade. This is a result of the explosion effect for grenades not being finished, and re-using the explosion of a gas station instead.
M84 Stun Grenade
The M84 stun grenade appears in DayZ as the "Flashbang". Contrasting the regular M67 grenade, the M84 has a very long description explaining it, whereas the M67's simply says "Grenade".
RGD-5 Hand Grenade
The RGD-5 hand grenade appears as the "RDG-5 Explosive Grenade". The RGD-5 is slightly more common than the M67 (though still extremely rare), and has a much shorter fuse.