Top Gun

The following weapons were used in the film Top Gun:

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Top Gun (1986)

M61 Vulcan

Although not shown being fired in the film (despite the pilots "switching to guns" multiple times), the F-14A Tomcats flown by the protagonists are armed with internally-mounted M61 Vulcan cannons. The enemy planes, designated in the film as the "MiG-28" (in reality the planes were American-made Northrop F-5E & F-5F Tiger II's), are seen firing "Gatling"-type guns on the F-14 Tomcats in the final dogfight. Whenever the "guns" are seen fired, the closeup of the weapon appears to be the M61 Vulcan as well (Russian fighter aircraft at the time were armed with the 23mm GSh-6-23M or a 30mm GSh-6-30). The "Vulcan"-type gun closely resembles the mockup used in the 1983 film Blue Thunder.

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M61 Vulcan 20mm

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Close up of a Gatling gun firing from a MiG-28. The "Vulcan"-type gun closely resembles the mockup used in the 1983 film Blue Thunder and would be more readily available for use than an actual M61.

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A MiG-28 firing its twin guns at "Iceman's" plane.

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Close up of another MiG's Gatling Gun.

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The gunpod is seen at the bottom of the nose of Maverick's F-14A Tomcat.

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Maverick and Iceman's F-14A's on the flight deck of the USS Enterprise after the final dogfight; the firing ports for the M61 Vulcan can be seen near the nose of each aircraft

Pontiac M39

While not shown firing, the Northrop F-5E & F-5F Tiger II fighters representing the enemy "MiG-28" fighters can still be seen armed with their Pontiac M39 cannons mounted in the nose forward of the canopy.

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Pontiac M39 20mm

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A MiG-28 firing its fictional guns at "Iceman's" plane. While the MIG's are seen firing "Gatling-type" guns from the wing roots, the two M39 cannons are still visible in the nose of the aircraft. At the time, the actual Top Gun school uses the F-5 as well as the A-4 Skyhawk as MiG aggressors during training exercises.

Trivia

In reality, the F-14 Tomcats would be using M61 Vulcan 20mm cannons, and even though both jets are seen using the same guns, the Russian MiG-28 would not be using the same guns. In reality, the MiG-28 does not exist; Mikoyan Gurevich has only used odd numbers for their aircraft (MiG 25, 29, 31, and so on).

The M61 Vulcan cannons on the F-14 are internal, you shouldn't be seeing them fire other than a muzzle flash from the cannon port on the left side of the forward fuselage far below the cockpit.