The weapons seen in this movie are:
M16A1
Fake Colt XM177 Commando
Sean Penn as Sgt. Tony Meserve uses a fake XM177, built up from an SP1 Carbine. What makes it weird is the unusual flash hider/muzzle brake which is too long for an XM177, the wrong diameter and has holes on one side only (the left side).
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Sean Penn as Sgt. Tony Meserve carries a weird fake XM177. Here it looks to have an 11.5" barrel like an E2 model, but the receiver is an SP1 style slab side upper and SP1 style lower. It looks like an SP1 Carbine that had it's barrel chopped and a strange muzzle brake installed. At this angle, we can see the right (starboard) side of the flash hider has no holes.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Sean Penn as Sgt. Tony Meserve carries a weird fake XM177. At this angle we can see that the left (port) side has strange 'lightning cut' compensator holes in the side. The fact that the flash hider only had holes on one side makes it a very unusual muzzle brake.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Sean Penn as Sgt. Tony Meserve carries a weird fake XM177 in daylight. Here we can clearly see the strange 'diagonal' flash holes which are on one side of the muzzle brake only.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Sean Penn as Sgt. Tony Meserve fires the fake XM177. Here we can see a very strange flash coming out of the gun. After the initial flash there are no other flashes as Penn "mime fires" the carbine in 'semi automatic mode' only. Also in this night firing shot we can clearly see the strange pattern of the lopsided flash holes in this muzzle brake.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Sean Penn as Sgt. Tony Meserve fires the fake XM177 in the Daylight ambush. Again the rifle only fires semiautomatic.
M79 grenade launcher
Used by PFC Max Eriksson (Michael J. Fox ). It is notoriously seen used to blow away an incoming grenade thrown at him, which in reality did happen to PFC Max Eriksson during the Vietnam War.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Michael J. Fox as PFC Max Eriksson fires his M79 Grenade Launcher at an incoming grenade and hits it.
M60 machine gun
M60D Machine gun
Seen by all of the door gunners on the UH-1D Hueys in the film.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Doorgunners with the spade grips M60D Machine gun - 7.62x51mm
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Doorgunners with the spade grips M60D Machine gun - 7.62x51mm
Type 56 AK47
Used by the VietCong's.
M67 Hand Grenade
An unseen perpetrator uses an M67 Grenade to attempt to blow up PFC Max Eriksson in the Latrine.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing An unidentified hand holds an M67 while lying in wait for Eriksson. Why the perpetrator chooses to wear the yellow chamois gloves (issued to M60 gunners along with their asbestos mitt) is unknown. Is he afraid of fingerprints? No prints remain on a grenade after it goes off....
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Eriksson sees the M67 Grenade at the last moment. Note that this grenade has an unusually shiny off color bright green paint job, and no lot nor armory markings.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing The barracks toilets explodes. Hollywood's gift to the public, standard Fragmentation grenades that explode like howitzer rounds. Any of us who have actually thrown live grenades (in military service) know that they don't have the power to obliterate an entire building.