The main handgun used by Thomas Magnum (Tom Selleck) is a Colt MKIV/Series 70 Government Model, which is a commercial version of the U.S. Military M1911A1. This handgun is supposed to be the one he carried during his service in Vietnam and is sometimes carried in a tanker-style holster, most often seen carried inside wast band small of back, no holster. It is sometimes seen in Magnum's flashbacks to Vietnam. A former propmaster for the show has been quoted saying that the original gun was a traditional .45 ACP 1911, but was soon changed to a 9mm version because .45 ACP blanks were too hard to get on location for the show.
Star Model B
In some episodes, Magnum's Colt becomes a Star Model B.
Walther P38
Jonathan Higgins (John Hillerman) uses a Walther P38 in the Season 1 episode "Never Again.....Never Again". Magnum is also seen handling one in Season 1's "Skin Deep".
Magnum uses a Detonics Pocket 9 as a backup in "Let the Punishment Fit the Crime" (S4E17).
TT-33 Pistol
An older TT-33 with checkered wood grips was used by the rebel leader in "All For One, Part 1" (S5E15).
Walther PPK
Magnum carries a Walther PPK as a backup weapon in an ankle holster, seen in "The Big Blow" (S3E22).
Webley Mk VI
In serveral episodes, Higgins (John Hillerman) uses a Webley Mk VI revolver. Presumably, this is his service revolver from WW II.
Submachine Guns
Heckler & Koch HK94 (chopped and converted)
The Heckler & Koch HK94s chopped and converted to resemble MP5A3s are notably used in "All for One, Part 1" (S5E15) and "All for One, Part 2" (S5E16).
"Fake" Uzi (Mocked up M11)
In Season 1, foreign agents are seen with Uzi's which are actually M11 with furniture to make it look like an Uzi.
Uzi
Magnum and Orville "Rick" Wright (Larry Manetti) use actual Uzi submachine guns in various episodes.
Ingram MAC-10
Rick (Larry Manetti) uses a MAC-10 in the pilot episode "Don't Eat the Snow in Hawaii".
Madsen M50
In the pilot episode, thugs who chase Magnum are armed with the Madsen M50 fitted with a barrel shroud.
Shotguns
Mossberg 500
Higgins uses a Mossberg 500 for skeet-shooting in the episode "Skin Deep".
Remington 870
The riot version of the Remington 870, with a shortened barrel and extended magazine tube, is seen purchased by Cynthia Farrell (Dana Delany) and then used by Magnum in "L.A., Part 2" (S7E02).
Winchester Model 1897
In Season 1's "Skin Deep", actress Erin Wolfe (Cathie Shiriff) is seen enacting a scene with a Winchester Model 1897.
12 Gauge Over and Under shotgun
An 12 Gauge O/U shotgun is seen being used for skeet-shooting in "Tropical Madness" (S2E07).
An M16A1 is seen in the various flashbacks to Vietnam and notably in Season 4's "All for One, Parts 1 & 2".
Remington 700
Higgins cleans a Remington 700 in "Missing in Action" (S1E09).
Steyr SSG 69
Magnum uses a Steyr SSG 69 in "Unfinished Business" (S8E08).
Weatherby Mark V
In Season 1's "Skin Deep", a Weatherby Mark V is seen handled by Magnum and later used by David Norman (Ian McShane).
Heckler & Koch HK91
A Heckler & Koch HK91 is used by TC in Vietnam in the episode "All for One".
Galil ARM
A Galil ARM with wood handguards is seen in a cache of weapons in the episode "All for One".
Valmet M71S
As what was common for productions in the 1970's and 1980's, the Valmet M71S rifle is seen used as a substitute for the AK-47. In the pilot episode, Vietnamese pirates are seen opening fire on T.C.'s helicopter from a boat. Higgins refers to the rifles in the episode as AK-47's.
Machine Guns
M60
Rick uses an M60 in his role as T.C.'s gunner in Vietnam. In the episode "All for One, Part 1", Rick is seen using the M60 from the riverboat during the firefight on the river. Magnum and Higgins are seen using the M60 during "All For One, Part 2". The machine gun is used as well in various flashbacks to Vietnam (the M60 in the flashbacks are seen mounted on the side of TC's helicopter).
DShK Machine Gun (M60D Mockup)
An M60D mocked up to resemble the DShk machine gun is notably seen in "All for One, Part 2" (S5E16) and "Mad Dogs and Englishmen" (S6E14).
Other
Manville 25mm Projectile Launcher
A Manville 25 mm Projectile Launcher is used by Magnum in "All for One, Part 2" (S5E16). The weapon is described as "18 rounds, armor piercing".
M203 Grenade Launcher
Dr. Long Tang (Clyde Kusatsu) uses the M203 Grenade Launcher underneath his M16A1 in "All for One, Part 2" (S5E16).