A Calico M950 is seen in "Land of Fuyuki City", present in the arsenal of Kiritsugu Emiya and Maiya Hisau. In the visual novels, it's detailed that the duo use it as a backup weapon.
Thompson Arms Contender
A Thompson Arms Contender pistol was used by Kiritsugu Emiya as his main sidearm in the 4th Holy Grail War, which appeared in both the anime and in the visual novel series. It first appeared in "Land of Fuyuki City". You can tell that it's the .223 Remington version due to the presence of the rear sights, which was also shown in the said episode.
Assault Rifles
Steyr AUG A1
A Steyr AUG A1 with a black plastic body was used by Maiya Hisau as her main weapon in the anime, which was also portrayed in the visual novel during the 4th Holy Grail War.
Sniper Rifles
Walther WA 2000
A Walther WA 2000 is shown in "Land of Fuyuki City", serving as Kiritsugu Emiya's main weapon of choice in the series, as well as in the visual novel during the 4th Holy Grail War. The only difference is that Kiritsugu had replaced the Schmidt & Bender 2.5–10X telescopic sight with either a AN/PVS04 or a IR heat vision scopes to locate the heat signatures of magi hiding from physical sight.
Grenades
M67 Grenade
What appears to be M67 fragmentation grenades are among the weapons in the arms cache assembled by Maiya in the local Fuyuki Hotel in "Land of Fuyuki City".
Flashbang Grenade
A Flashbang Grenade is visually inspected by Kiritsugu from the arms cache Maiya assembled in the local Fuyuki Hotel in "Land of Fuyuki City".
Plastic Explosives
Plastic Explosives are seen next to the Calico M950 as among the weapons in the arms cache assembled by Maiya in the local Fuyuki Hotel in "Land of Fuyuki City".
Others
Hughes M230 Chaingun
A Hughes M230 Chaingun was seen fired by an Apache gunship on the television set in Waver's room when he was staying with the Mackenzies in Fuyuki City in "Land of Fuyuki City".