The M1903A3 Springfield rifle is the main battle rifle for the Marines who land and fight on Guadalcanal in Part 1 and Part 2. The Marines seen using the Springfield include PFC Wilbur 'Runner' Conley (Keith Nobbs), Sgt. J.P. Morgan (Joshua Biton) and Lew 'Chuckler' Juergens (Josh Helman). A Marine sniper is seen with a scoped Springfield in Part 6.
M1 Garand
In Part 3, the majority of the Marines replace the 1903 with the M1 Garand. One Marine had compared it to his 1903 and prefers the former in terms of accuracy. The Garand is briefly carried by Robert Leckie (James Badge Dale). The M1 Garand is also carried and fired by Bill Leyden (Brendan Fletcher) on both the Peleliu Airfield and on Okinawa before he is wounded in Part 9. In Part 7 on Peleliu, Eugene Sledge (Joseph Mazzello) picks up Leyden's M1 Garand after Leyden is wounded the first time by a grenade blast. Sledge uses the M1 to shoot and kill a Japanese Officer rushing towards him with a Katana, Sledge again uses one briefly on Okinawa in Part 9 after his M1 Carbine is put out of commission after he fell down a hill into muddy water with a dead body. Sledge uses that M1 Garand to help stop a charge by a small group of Japanese soldiers from on top a hill with other Marines.
M1 Carbine
Several Marines are seen carrying and firing M1 Carbines including but not limited to; Eugene Sledge (Joseph Mazzello), Merriell "Snafu" Shelton (Rami Malek), Capt. Andrew Haldane (Scott Gibson), Cpl. R.V. Burgin (Martin McCann) and by John Basilone (Jon Seda) while on Iwo Jima in Part 8.
Arisaka Type 99
The Arisaka Type 99 rifle was one of the main battle rifles used by the Japanese Army in the Pacific theater and is seen used throughout the series, notably in Part 1 in Guadalcanal and Parts 5-7 during the battle of Peleliu then again in the hands of several Japanese Soldiers charging on Okinawa in Part 9.
Submachine Guns
M1A1 Thompson
Several Marines are seen carrying or firing the M1A1 Thompson. Robert Leckie (James Badge Dale) uses a Thompson M1A1 throughout the rest of the series, notably in Part 4, when he takes out a Japanese patrol trying to flank his unit and then in Part 5 and 6 when the Marines land on Peleliu. In Part 9 on Okinawa Eugene Sledge (Joseph Mazzello) picks up a Thompson and uses it for a good duration of the episode using it to kill multiple charging Japanese in one major charge and then later on killing one charging and one wounded Japanese solider. He is also carrying it when he enters the house with the wounded Japanese woman who wishes he mercy kill her but he decides against it after she pulls the barrel to her face. Other Marines such as Sgt. Stone (Toby Leonard Moore) and Gunnery Sgt. Elmo Haney (Gary Sweet) also use the Thompson. Bill Leyden (Brendan Fletcher) is seen with an M1A1 on Okinawa in Part 9.
M1928 Thompson
Several Marines who fight on Guadacanal in Part 1 are seen with the M1928A1 Thompson. Lt. Hugh Corrigan (Henry Nixon) had a 50 round drum on his for most of Part 1 until the end, replacing it with a 30 round "stick" magazine.
Reising M50
Gunnery Sgt. John Basilone (Jon Seda) is seen with a Reising M50 Submachine Gun in "Part 2".
M3 "Grease Gun"
In Part 9, an Army soldier guarding Japanese POWs on Okinawa is shown with an M3 Grease Gun.
Handguns
Colt M1911A1
The main sidearm of the Marines in the miniseries is the Colt M1911A1. Robert Leckie (James Badge Dale) and John Basilone (Jon Seda) are seen using the pistols and several troops are seen with the handgun holstered. Merriell "Snafu" Shelton (Rami Malek) uses one at one point to point blank a captured Japanese soldier in the head and Sgt. J.P. Morgan (Joshua Biton) can be seen firing his in Part 2 on Guadalcanal while waiting for Basilone to return.
Colt New Service
In Part 5, Eugene Sledge (Joseph Mazzello) receives a Colt New Service .45 Colt revolver in the care package sent from his family and in Part 9, uses the revolver on a wounded Japanese soldier on the island of Okinawa.
Nambu Type 14
The main sidearm of the Japanese was the Nambu Type 14 Pistol. Robert Leckie (James Badge Dale) finds one in a Japanese officer's chest when they go through the camp in which he takes it and the chest as a war trophy. After being committed due to the effects of combat, He ends up giving the pistol to the head of a naval psychiatric hospital as a bribe so he can return to his unit in Part 4.
The Marines of the 1st Division that land on Guadalcanal use Browning M1917 water cooled machine guns. Robert Leckie (James Badge Dale) is seen firing it as part of a three man gun crew in Part 1. John Basilone (Jon Seda) is also seen firing it both on a tripod and from the hip in "Part 2".
Browning M1919
Replacing the Browning M1917 in the field for the Marines is the Browning M1919 machine gun in Episode Four, where it is used to stop a banzai charge. M1919's also are seen mounted on LVT's in the series, notably when landing on Peleliu in Part 5. Leckie (James Badge Dale) is briefly seen manning an M1919 on his LVT during the landing. John Basilone (Jon Seda) is seen hand firing an M1919 from the hip during the Battle of Iwo Jima in Part 8.
Browning M2HB
The Browning M2HB machine gun is seen mounted on the Marine LVT-4's notably during the landings of Peleliu in Part 5 and Iwo Jima in Part 8.
One of the weapons used by the Marines during the battle of Guadalcanal is a Winchester Model 1897 shotgun.
Unknown Double-Barrel 12 Gauge SXS
In Part 10, Dr. Sledge (Conor O' Farrell) takes his son Eugene (Joseph Mazzello) dove hunting soon after Eugene returned home from Okinawa, the two exit Dr. Sledge's truck with a pair of Double Barreled Shotguns and set out to hunt but it is cut short before they shoot when Eugene breaks down after all hes been through.
Heavy Weapons
M1 Mortar
An 81mm M1 Mortar is seen with its crew as Sledge and the Marines prepare to leave the airfield in Part 6.
M2 Mortar
Eugene Sledge (Joseph Mazzello) and Merriell 'Snafu' Shelton (Rami Malek) are part of a M2 Mortar team. During the battle of Peleliu, their team are seen carrying the different parts of the weapon and then seen firing it when the Marines cross the airfield.
Type 89 "Knee Mortar"
Type 89 "Knee Mortar" (technically grenade launchers) are used by Japanese soldiers who defend the Peleliu airfield.
M7 rifle grenade launcher
Several Marines are seen with M7 grenade launchers mounted on their M1 Garands, notably in Part 6 during the taking of the Peleliu airfield.
M2 Flamethrower
The M2 Flamethrower is used by Marines to flush out bunkers in Part 7 and Part 8.
M1A1 Bazooka
The M1A1 Bazooka is used by Marines during the battle of Peleliu in Parts 5-7, notably by Pfc. Jay De L'Eau (Dylan Young).
Other
Mk II hand grenade
Mk II hand grenades are seen used by Marines to take out Japanese bunkers in Part 7.