The South American heroin factory guard Bond knocks out during the pre-credits sequence has a Luger P08 in his holster.
Walther PPK
James Bond (Sean Connery) keeps a brown-gripped .32 ACP Walther PPK in his shoulder holster, seen most prominently when a Cuban hitman tries to grab it during the pre-credits sequence.
MP40
Goldfinger's guards carry MP40s, using them in most major gunfights of the film, with even Goldfinger himself using one briefly during the Fort Knox raid. This gun is also being tested on a bulletproof vest in Q's lab. The old lady working as a guard to Goldfinger's facility also carries an MP40.
One of Goldfinger's guards fires a Smith & Wesson Model 10 at Bond and Tilly as they try and escape in Bond's Aston Martin DB5.
Walther P38
When Bond (Sean Connery) first engages Goldfinger's men in a gunfight outside Goldfinger's Geneva factory, he fires a Walther P38 at them rather than his usual PPK. Several of Auric Goldfinger (Gert Fröbe)'s guards can be seen carrying Walther P38s as their sidearms, one of which Bond also manages to comandeer before having to hand it back over to Pussy Galore (Honor Blackman).
Smith & Wesson Model 36
One of the Goldfinger's guards who sits next to Bond in his Aston Martin holds a Smith & Wesson Model 36 on him. In a continuity error, it later becomes a Walther P38.
Smith & Wesson Model 22
While flying to the United States, Bond correctly identifies Pussy Galore's (Honor Blackman) revolver as a Smith & Wesson Model 22 (when he says "Smith & Wesson .45"), also stating that a bullet fired from the gun would pass through him and the plane.
Colt Police Positive
One of Goldfinger's guards with Pussy Galore holds a Colt Police Positive on Bond.
M1911A1
Oddjob (Harold Sakata) uses a suppressed M1911A1 to kill Solo (Martin Benson) while driving him to the airport in the Lincoln. This pistol is also used by US Army soldiers
M14 rifle
U.S. Army soldiers at Fort Knox were seen with M14 rifles slung over their shoulders before Fort Knox was hit with fake knock-out gas by Pussy Galore's crew.
Karabiner 98k
Goldfinger's men carry Karabiner 98k rifles during their raid on Fort Knox.
Colt Official Police
During the raid on Fort Knox, Auric Goldfinger (Gert Fröbe) can be seen carrying a Colt Official Police revolver with a gold-plated finish and ivory grips while disguised as a U.S. Army Colonel, even shooting Mr. Ling with it, to fool Army soldiers during the shootout at the gold depository. Note: In the novel, Goldfinger uses a Gold-plated Colt Model 1908 Vest Pocket and killed his victims with one shot through the right eye.
M1928 Thompson
Some of the U.S. Army soldiers at Fort Knox attack Goldfinger and his men with older M1928 Thompsons with drum magazines and vertical foregrips.
Note the switch from M14s(above,likely filmed in U.S.) to WWII era Thompson and carbines,most likely because the Fort Knox set was built in England and at the time(1964) M14s weren't readily available to UK armourers.
Regards,
Tecolote
M1 Carbine
U.S. Army soldiers can be seen carrying M1 Carbines during the gas raid on Fort Knox. They are WW2 Carbines judging by the darker wood Walnut stock and lack of a bayonet lug.
M1928A1 Thompson
U.S. Army soldiers carry M1928A1 Thompsons during the gunfight with Goldfinger's men at Fort Knox.
M1 Garand
A number of U.S. Army soldiers were seen with M1 Garand rifles when they were raiding the gold depository at Fort Knox.
Aston Martin machine guns
Q tells Bond about the machine guns installed underneath the lights of his customized Aston Martin DB5, which Bond uses during a car chase at Goldfinger's factory in Geneva.