Trigun is a 26 episode anime "Space-Western" series from Madhouse Studio based on the manga by Yasuhiro Nightow. Set on a desert planet populated by small towns of human settlers, the story follows Vash the Stampede, an outlaw known as the "Humanoid Typhoon" with a 6,000,000,000$$ ("double dollar") bounty on his head. The show draws heavily from the Hollywood portrayal of the American frontier (especially Spaghetti Westerns) and relies heavily on guns and gunplay, boasting a wide array of firearms ranging from real-world models to carefully designed fictional firearms. The series is notable for being one of the major anime titles in the U.S. in the 90's, where it gained (and still maintains) far more popularity than in its native Japan.
Note: Many of the weapons in the series are based on real-world designs but have been modified to appear more futuristic. Most modifications are largely cosmetic and will simply be noted as "Futuristic" in the section header.
AGL Arms Factory .45 Long Colt (EF Auto Ejecting, Double Action) (Vash's Revolver)
Trigun's most iconic weapon is a fictional double-action, full-sized revolver chambered for .45 Long Colt. It possesses a 6 o' clock position barrel similar to a Mateba Autorevolver, a break-top mechanism similar to a Schofield Model 3.
The revolver's internal operation is somewhat unclear. The barrel mates up with the lowest chamber of the cylinder, but when fired, the hammer does not appear to be striking the round in that chamber. There may be an internal mechanism that redirects the force of the hammer down to the correct round. It appears to be styled in this way to keep the gun looking more conventional, instead of having the more unusual-looking hammers of the Mateba handguns. It also sports an auto-ejector and a thumb-activated cylider release, making the weapon very quick and easy to reload.
At least two of these weapons exist in the series, the first belonging to Vash the Stampede, the other to his brother, Knives. While Knives's claims to have "made" them, it is unclear if this means that he designed and built the two revolvers from scratch (suggesting that the "AGL Arms Factory" markings on the barrel weight are simply a coy reference to the "Angel Arms" system), or if they were manufactured by a regular weapons producer and that when Knives claims to have made them he is simply refering to the Plant hidden inside the weapons. If this is the case then they are most certainly rare specimens, as no other examples outside of these two are seen in the show.
Vash's AGL Arms .45 Long Colt
Vash the Stampede's primary weapon throughout the series is his AGL Arms .45 Long Colt with a silver (likely nickel-plated) finish. At the beginning of the series, the weapon has fallen into disrepair (Vash states that it is "three inches off from only ten yards") until episode 3 when the gunsmith Frank Marlon "changes the cylinder and hammer parts" and gives it a general tuneup.
Knives's AGL Arms .45 Long Colt
Knives AGL Arms revolver is almost identical to Vash's weapon, but sports a black (possibly blued) finish, features a slightly different set of grips (which include a lanyard loop in the front), and lacks the smooth upgraded cylinder of Vash's revolver.
High Standard Derringer
Insurance agent Meryl Stryfe carries fifty High Standard Derringers in a series of holsters lining the inside of her coat.
Crossbow Pistol
Marshal Marianne's weapon of choice is a crossbow-style handgun.
Mr. Cliff's pistol
At the end of episode 2, Mr. Cliff uses a fictional semi-auto pistol. While it doesn't appear to be based off of any particular weapon, the design is fairly believable and features a cut-away slide similar to many Beretta handguns.
Grader Single Hand 2043
Nicholas Wolfwood carries several fictional 1911-style handguns called the "Grader Single Hand 2043". According to markings on the weapon, it is a .45ACP handgun, manufactured by a "Grader Arms Co.", based out of July City. The most distinguishing feature about these weapons is the cocking lever; the front of the triggerguard is separate from the rest of the triggerguard and is acts as a non-reciprocating cocking lever. This allows the shooter to rack the slide with their trigger finger, allowing the pistol to be used completely one-handed. It also sports a ported barrel and skeletized trigger.
Belief Lightning
A frequently seen weapon is a futuristic version of the Colt Lightning revolver called the "Belief Lightning" chambered in .45 LC with two ejector rods that comes in three different barrel lengths.
"Frank Marlon Special"
A large portion of episode 3 centers around the history of a small town where gunsmith Frank Marlon had previously armed the population with custom-built revolvers referred to as "Frank Marlon Specials". All of these weapons are identical save for their finishes and some ornately engraved models.
Lighter Pistols
The gang leader in episode 3 uses a pair of lighter pistols modeled after the basic design of several Early Colt revolvers during his introduction. It is never shown if these are actual pistols with a lighter mechanism built in or just a pair of ostentatious cigarette lighters as he never uses them again.
Futuristic Remington 1875
Several futuristic versions of the Remington 1875 revolver are seen throughout the show.
Fictional Square Revolver
One of the mercenaries in episode 4 uses a pair of fictional revolvers with twin angular barrels and square cylinders.
Fictional C96-Pattern Pistol
One reoccurring weapon is a fictional semiautomatic pistol that uses design concepts from an assortment of real-world pistols. It features a forward-mounted magazine and cocking handle similar to the TEC-9, while the action operates like the Mauser C96.
A waitress at the diner in episode 5 threatens Vash with a fictional pocket pistol.
B.D. Neon's Magnum
Brilliants Dynamite Neon carries a fictional .45 caliber (likely meaning that it's chambered for the .45 Winchester Magnum) magnum pistol that is a combination of the barrel and recoil spring setup as the AMC Auto Mag Pistol, the grip design of a Wildey Magnum, and a series of neon lights wrapped around the chamber.
Break-Action Pistol
Several members of the Rodrick gang are armed with double-barreled break-action pistols similar to the Lancaster Howdah pistol.
Heat Waves 187M
Dominique the Cyclops uses a Heat Waves 187M, a fictional semiautomatic handgun that is based very closely on the Luger P08 pistol.
USF Force Pistol
The astronauts aboard Project SEED were armed with semiautomatic pistols (marked "USF Force") with built-in LEMs. These same weapons are used by the settlers living inside one of the derelect SEED ships.
Futuristic Colt SAA
Zazie the Beast, one of the Gung-Ho Guns, dual-weilds a pair of futurized Colt SAA revolvers. Both are fairly close to their base weapons, but have shorter ejector rods and are seen firing double-action.
Unknown Revolver
Knives is seen with a revolver other than his AGL Arms .45 Long Colt during a flashback to the destruction of July city. Due to the lighting and the fact that it is only visible for a split second, the weapon cannot be positively identified.
Submachine Guns
Futuristic IMI Micro Uzi
Several of the assorted criminals and thugs in the show use futuristic Micro Uzi submachine guns. The cocking handle on these submachine guns wrap around the top of the receiver (as opposed to the real Micro Uzi's cocking handle, which is just a hook-shaped protrusion), and the triggerguard has been altered.
Futuristic PPSh-41
One of Descarte's goons uses a futuristic PPSh-41 submachine gun with a squared-off muzzle.
Mr. Cliff's coat guns
Mr. Cliff carries six small submachine guns hidden in his coat. Each one is rigged up to a metal arm that raises them into position and fires them when he opens his jacket far enough. Despite their effectiveness as a surprise weapon, they are shown to have a very limited ammunition supply.
Ingram MAC-15
Several mercenaries, thugs, and lowlifes are seen using a fictional submachine gun variant marked as an "Ingram MAC-15". As the name suggests, the weapon is a compact, closed-bolt design that draws heavily from the MAC-10, but also incorporates elements from the IMI Uzi. The MAC-15 appears to come standard with a (removable) vertical foregrip and can be fitted with a skeleton stock.
Fictional Hybrid Submachine Gun
One reoccuring weapon design is a fictional submachine gun that uses components from various designs, most notably the magazine of a MG34 machine gun. Despite the size of its magazine, it is shown ejecting pistol-cartridge-sized casings.
Rifles
Futuristic AKMS
Many of the larger gangs in the series make use of a futuristic AKMS assault rifle. The weapon is modeled after the custom-built short-barreled AKMS rifles seen in American films, but has been heavily altered around the muzzle and receiver.
Ruth's Rifle
Bounty hunter Ruth Loose (aka "The Constance Rifle") uses a fictional double--barreled lever-action rifle. The weapon feeds from two separate stick magazines, each one connected to a separate barrel. Operating the lever causes the barrels and magazines to rotate counter-clockwise, ejecting the spent round from the previously-fired barrel and chambering a round in the top-aligned barrel.
Unknown Single-Shot Rifle
One of the deputies in episode 4 uses a generic single-shot rifle.
Futuristic M1 Garand
Several minor characters are seen with a fictionalized rendition of the M1 Garand rifle. The primary changes to the design are a detachable magazine (which now extends slightly below the stock) and the addition of small heat shields in the gaps between the stock and barrel shroud.
Caine's Sniper Rifle
One of the Gung-Ho Guns, Caine the Longshot, uses a specially built bolt-action sniper rifle with a barrel several meters long.
Rai-Dei's Rifle
While Rai-Dei the Blade, a member of the Gung-Ho Guns, mostly uses a katana (to go along with his overall samurai theme), the sheath for his katana doubles as a revolver rifle.
Shotguns
Futuristic Winchester Model 1897
Several futuristic Winchester Model 1897 shotguns are seen throughout the show. The forward sling/bayonet mount has been altered from its real-world counterpart, and the receiver has some sort of vent-like structure over its front half. Several short-barreled versions sans bayonett mount) are also seen throughout the show.
The gang leader in episode 3 uses a fictional machine gun as his primary weapon. Racking the shotgun-style pump causes the barrel shroud to open up, revealing a large variety of alternate functions (none of which are actually used onscreen).
Unidentified Machine Gun
B.D.N.'s henchmen use an assortment of improvised armored vehicles in episode 7, most of which are armed with machine gun turrets. The only clear shot of these weapons is of the muzzle, making it difficult to positively identify them.
B.D.N.'s Dynamos
The massive pauldrons on Brilliants Dynamite Neon's outfit house a pair of hidden machine guns (refered to as his "Dynamos" by one of his henchmen).
Monev the Gale's Machine Guns
Monev the Gale, an assassin hired to kill Vash, uses a massive and complex setup of two rotary machine guns, one mounted to each wrist to where the barrels spin around his forearm. These machine guns are connected to an ammo feed system attached to his back containing six ammuntition canisters (three per gun) arranged in a circle with the two canisters on each side feeding the machine guns. After the active canisters run dry, the backpack system automatically disengages the active canisters, then rotates the assembly until a pair of fresh canisters are lined up, then engages the fresh canisters so that Monev can resume firing.
Shoulder-Mounted Mult-Weapon System
After his primary weapon runs dry, Monev the Gale switches to his backup plan; a massive shoulder-mounted rotary machine gun (complete with two sets of barrels that spin in opposite directions and a built-in bullet shield) and rocket launcher combo. Both its size and the the level of devestation it causes suggests that it fires a round on par with most aircraft-mounted cannons.
Numerous characters in the series have firearms either have limbs that have been replaced with firearms or have fireamrs hidden inside fake limbs.
Cybernetic Arm Gun
During his battle with Monev the Gale, Vash reveals that his left arm is actually a cybernetic prosthesis that houses a semiautomatic 9mm firearm.
Gale M101
In episode 20, a scientist aboard one of the derelect SEED ships upgrade's Vash's arm gun into the "Gale M101", a fully automatic weapon chambered for 10mm Auto.
Prosthetic Arm Machine Gun
The gang leader in July City has a primitive looking machine gun in place of his right arm.
Machine Gun Fingers
One of the Gung-Ho Guns, Gray the Ninelives, has a machine gun hidden in each of his fingers.
Other Weapons
Milly's Stun-Gun
Insurance agent Milly Thompson carries with her a large Gatling-style concussion gun, usually concealed under her coat. It fires long projectiles which unfold into 4-armed crosses which have enough force to incapacitate people, or flip over trucks. Despite it's design and resemblance to a typical Gatling gun, Milly's Stun-Gun is semi-automatic.
Punisher
Nicholas D. Wolfwood and Chapel the Evergreen, two priests who routinely find themselves embroiled in the violence on Gunsmoke, both carry weapon systems called "Punishers" that are disguised as massive crucifixes befitting of their professions.
Wolfwood's Punisher
Nicholas D. Wolfwood usually keeps concealed with a cloak and several leather straps to hide its nature as a weapon. It's primary weapon is a large machine gun that occupies the long end of the crucifix, while the opposite end houses a rocket launcher. One arm of the cross contain a storage rack capable of holding five handguns for quick access, while the other houses the ammunition for th machine gun component.
Chapel's Punisher
Chapel the Evergreen, Wolfwood's mentor, uses a Punisher that is actually two separate weapons. When deployed, the Punisher separates down the middle, with each half becoming a separate machine gun similar to the one in Wolfwood's punisher.
Rocket Launcher
A few minor characters are seen using the same fictional rocket launcher throughout the series.
Midvalley the Hornfreak's Saxaphone
Midvalley the Hornfreak's saxaphone contains eight hidden guns mounted inside the bell bow.