In the opening sequence of the film, Bond equips himself with a Czech SA.24 submachine gun taken from a revolutionary he has just incapacitated.
Madsen M50
Revolutionaries in the opening sequence of the film are seen using Madsen M50 submachine guns.
Mauser HSc
During target practice in Q's lab, James Bond (Sean Connery) fires a suppressed Mauser HSc Pistol.
This was probably intended to pass for a Walther PPK, as they look somewhat similar from a distance.
Berreta M12
Beretta M12s can be seen several times throughout the film. One of the guards in the North Africa sequence is seen using one. In the Tears of Allah sequence Beretta M12 SMGs are briefly seen being used by Largo's men. The Beretta M12s are also seen in a weapons rack in the Q branch.
Bond enters a party at a bar, where he disarms the doorman, one of Largo's henchmen, of a nickel-plated Nambu Type 14 and forces him to hide in a closet, holding a "bomb" (cigar case). The pistols appears to be the small trigger guard version of the Nambu. Nickel plated guns were usually awards or private purchase items and were highly prized 'bring backs' from the Pacific Theater. He eventually dumps the pistol in an ice bucket.
Walther P5
Rather than his traditional Walther PPK, James Bond (Sean Connery) uses the more modern Walther P5 in this film, presumably to appease the manufacturers, who were trying to promote a new pistol. However, he does not actually fire it during the course of the film. Of interest is that in Octopussy, the official James Bond film also released in 1983, as opposed to this attempt by Warner Brothers, Bond also uses a P5, having "mislaid my PPK".
Beretta M93R
The thugs led by Fatima Blush (Barbara Carrerra) during the chase scene in the Tunnel are seen using Beretta M93Rs to try and corral Bond into a truck. This is the first screen appearence of the M93R.
An AK-47 with no pistol grip and small magazine is seen used by a guard who enters a cell which James Bond has escaped from. The guard gets thrown out the cell window.
MAT-49
During the North Africa sequence, one of the guards is seen carrying a French MAT-49.