Bergmann MP 18

The Bergmann MP18 is a German submachine gun, one of the first mass-produced submachine guns to ever see combat. The weapon was designed by Hugo Schmeisser between 1915 and 1917 at the Bergmann Waffenfabrik factory. It was designed to fulfill the requirements established by the German Rifle Testing Commission. The original MP18 was fed by box magazines, however the Commission wanted the weapon to utilize the existing high-capacity 32-round "snail" drum magazine used in the P08 Artillery Luger. Very little is known about the early development period of the MP18, probably due to the fact that work was kept secret due to the war. Most sources agree that the design was completed by the end of 1917, and accepted by the beginning of 1918. When the weapon was completed, it was designated the Maschinenpistole 18/I or MP18/I. The weapons were finished and the parts all fitted by hand, at near commercial-grade quality. The MP18/I went into production in early 1918 using the 32-round drum magazine.

An unknown quantity of MP18s was produced and issued in the final months of World War I; various sources refer to numbers from 3,000 to 10,000 (there is an opinion that allegedly 17,677 were issued before the end of hostilities on the basis of an acceptance stamp (crowned C), but strictly speaking, all known MP18s have this stamp, and the sample [1] with this serial number is also equipped with a post-war Schmeisser receiver for box magazines). Since in total about 35,000 (at least based on known serial numbers) of MP18/I were made, the most part of them were obviously produced after the end of the war, before the Treaty of Versailles put an end to this (and according to several opinions, also secretly for some time even after the ban).

The weapon was outlawed for use by the German military by the Treaty of Versailles, but small quantities were issued to the Weimar Republic for police use. The Weimar-era weapons were converted in 1920 with straight mag-wells to use 20-round box magazines, instead of the 32-round Luger drum magazine, which had also been banned for military (not for police, but obviously it was decided to move use to the much more convenient and reliable box magazines). It should be noted that not all samples were converted, as it is known about the existence of exemplares with marks "1920", which retained the original design. It is curious that this stamp is present only on unconverted guns, obviously for evidence that this is not a hidden weapon, but in the possession of the police. The rest of the weapons were apparently either disposed of or sold abroad (it is known that at least the police in Canada and Bulgaria had a small number of them; they should not be confused with the later commercial models from SIG and Haenel). The original factory production of the MP18 was accordingly discontinued after about a year after it started, because, due to new restrictions, Germany simply could not mass produce weapons of the "assault" type, and the design was sold to Swiss SIG, which started producing it with a number of changes as their Model 1920. The design was improved upon and manufactured in Belgium for export as the Schmeisser MP28/II.

N.B. The MP18's deployment as the first submachine gun used in combat led to Allied forces during World War II nicknaming the Wehrmacht's MP40 submachine gun "the Schmeisser", an appellation that has endured in several novels, films, and television series. In fact, Hugo Schmeisser had no involvement in the MP40's design or manufacture.

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Bergmann MP18/I with 32-round TM 08 snail drum accepting mag-well, as issued in WWI - 9x19mm

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Bergmann MP18/I with 20-round box magazine accepting straight mag-well, what the MP18 was originally designed with, and retrofitted with post-WWI - 9x19mm

Specifications

(1918 - 1919)

• Type: Submachine Gun

• Caliber: 9x19mm Parabellum

• Weight: 9.2 lbs (4.2 kg)

• Length: 32.8 in (83.3 cm)

• Barrel length: 7.9 in (20.1 cm)

• Capacity: 32 cartridges (TM 08 drum magazine), 20 or 32 cartridges (post-WWI box magazine)

• Fire Modes: Fully Automatic (450 RPM)

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The Bergmann MP18 appears in the following movies, TV shows, and video games:

Film

Title	Actor	Character	Note	Date
The Land That Time Forgot	Declan Mulholland	Olson		1975
Richard III		Richard's soldiers		1995
Michael Collins		An IRA assassin		1996
The Water Diviner		Greek soldier		2014

Anime

Film Title	Character	Note	Date
Jin-Roh: The Wolf Brigade	A member of the "Sect"	.	1998
Sakura Taisen: École de Paris	Erica	Double barrel, double magazine	2003
Sakura Taisen: Le Nouveau Paris	Erica	Double barrel, double magazine	2004-05
Fullmetal Alchemist: Conqueror of Shamballa	German soldier		2005

Video Games

Game Title	Mods	Notations	Release Date
NecroVisioN			2009
NecroVisioN: Lost Company			2010
The Great War 1918			2013
Battle of Empires : 1914-1918	"MP18"		2014
Verdun	"Maschinenpistole 18/I"		2015
Hot Dogs, Horseshoes & Hand Grenades			2016
Battlefield 1	MP18		2016
Screaming Steel: 1914-1918	MP18/I		2018