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Fiat-Revelli M14/35
Fiat-Revelli M14
The Fiat-Revelli Modello 1914 was an Italian water-cooled, closed-bolt, recoil-delayed blowback operated medium machine gun produced from 1914 to 1918. It was used by the Italian Army in WWI. It is primarily known for its extremely strange magazine called a "strip-feed box" and sometimes referred to as the "squirrel cage." This consisted of a horizontal rack resembling that of an old harmonica gun, but made of what were essentially magazines joined at the sides, each of which accepted a 5-round stripper clip and fed it using a spring follower. Capacity was either 50 rounds for the standard 10-column version, or 100 rounds for the 20-column anti-aircraft version. Rather strangely there was no compatibility whatsoever with the strip-feed box and the en-bloc clips of period Carcano rifles, with the columns not even containing the same number of rounds.
The weapon also had an usual water-cooling system where instead of a steam escape tube and condensing can being used to prevent the jacket from bursting as it heated up, the gun had a full-blown closed-loop water pump system with a crank-operated pump operated by a member of the four-man gun crew to circulate water from the condenser back into the water jacket.
Likely a more infamous feature, at least among those who had to use the weapon, was that the Fiat-Revelli's charging handle was located directly in line with the top of the spade grips and jumped back five and a quarter inches each time the weapon was fired, slamming into a buffer just in front of the user's forefingers eight times per second. This unnerving feature resulted in the gun's nickname of "knuckleduster."
Specifications
(1914 - 1918)
- Type: Medium machine gun
- Caliber: 6.5x52mm Mannlicher-Carcano
- Capacity: 50 or 100-round "squirrel cage" magazine (10 or 20 x 5-round stripper clips)
- Fire modes: 3-position selector, middle is safe, left is semi (marked LENTA, "slow,") right is auto ("RAPIDA," fast, 400-500 rpm)
The Fiat-Revelli M14/35 and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mountains on Fire | Italian soldiers | 1931 | ||
| A Farewell to Arms | Italian troops | 1957 |
Fiat-Revelli M35
The Fiat-Revelli M35 is a Italian heavy machine gun. The machine gun derives historically from the Perino Machine Gun designed by Bethel Abiel Revelli in 1910 and completed in 1914. The first version, called Fiat-Revelli M1914, was used during WWI, but the water-cooling sleeve was too heavy, the feeder was prone to jamming due to flimsy construction and requiring all springs to work correctly, and finally 6.5 mm projectiles were not sufficiently destructive. So an improved version was designed: the M14/35, with a different system of cooling and different caliber. The water cooling system was replaced with air cooling and the feed system changed to a metal belt feed.
Specifications
(1935 - 1940)
- Type: MachineGun
- Caliber: 8 × 59 mm RB Breda
- Capacity: Belt feed
- Firemodes: Fully Automatic
The Fiat-Revelli M14/35 can be seen in the following films, television series, and video games used by the following actors:
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Great War (La grande guerra) | Italian and Austro-Hungarian troops | Mocked up as Fiat-Revelli M14 | 1959 | |
| Five Branded Women | Van Heflin | Velko | 1960 | |
| Five Branded Women | Silvana Mangano | Jovanka | 1960 | |
| Salvatore Giuliano | The Giuliano's bandits | 1962 |