Several gangsters throughout the series, including corrupt Atlantic County Sheriff Elias "Eli" Thompson (Shea Whigham), Sixtus D'Alessio (Eric Schneider), Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel (Michael Zegen), and Chicago mob boss Charlie Sheridan (Frank Shattuck) use the Smith & Wesson Model 10, known during the show's era (the 1920s) as the "Military & Police" Model. Al Capone (Stephen Graham) arms himself with a Model 10, carried in the front of his waistband, for most of the first season before switching to a M1911 in the finale. Bootlegger Mickey Doyle (Paul Sparks) carries one in the pilot episode, which Nucky (Steve Buscemi) takes from him. Frankie Yale (Joseph Riccobene) also uses a Model 10 at the climax of the pilot episode to shoot "Big Jim" Colosimo. Prohibition agents Eric Sebso (Erik Weiner) and Stan Sawicki (Joseph Aniska) also carry Model 10s in shoulder holsters.
Agent Nelson Van Alden (Michael Shannon) fires a Smith & Wesson Model 10 HB (anachronistic for the 1920s era) at the firing range with the other Prohibition agents in training during the pilot episode.
Smith & Wesson .32 Hand Ejector
"Lucky" Luciano (Vincent Piazza) carries a Smith & Wesson .32 Hand Ejector Third Model, notably seen in "Belle Femme" (1.09) when Gillian Darmody (Gretchen Mol) takes it away from him. Jess Smith (Daniel Cox), the timid and vulnerable assistant to the Attorney General, carries a .32 Hand Ejector in "A Man, a Plan..." (3.10). Some of Gyp's men also appear to carry .32 Hand Ejectors in the third season.
Lucky Luciano (Vincent Piazza) has upgraded his .32 S&W Hand Ejector to a .45-caliber Smith & Wesson M1917 by 1921 as seen in "The Age of Reason" (2.06). Vito Scalersio, the assassin sent by Capone to Atlantic City, uses an M1917 in "Peg of Old" (2.07). Gyp Rosetti (Bobby Cannavale) carries an M1917 throughout the third season. Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) also keeps one with his other guns, using it to great effect in "Margate Sands" (3.12). Eli (Shea Whigham) appears to also carry one in a shoulder holster in "Margate Sands" (3.12).
Smith & Wesson Victory Model
Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) uses a Smith & Wesson Victory Model throughout "To the Lost" (2.12), carried in his waistband. It is differentiated from a standard Model 10 by the grips, finish, and lanyard ring. As the Victory Model was developed for World War II, its appearance in an episode set in the summer of 1921 is an anachronism.
Smith & Wesson Second Model Russian
Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) carries a Smith & Wesson Second Model Russian in "Bone for Tuna" (3.03), carried in a shoulder holster under his left arm. This particular revolver is never seen again, so it is unclear if this is one of the many unmentioned weapons in Harrow's arsenal or if it is a continuity error, replacing his more commonly seen break-top Webley.
Webley Mk VI
Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) mentions a "Webley .455" as one of his handguns, finally drawing a Webley Mk VI during a showdown with Sleater in "A Dangerous Maid" (2.03). He also uses it during the whorehouse gunfight in "Margate Sands" (3.12), carried in a shoulder holster under his left arm when not in use.
Colt Official Police
One of Gyp's men "Mexican carries" an anachronistic Colt Official Police in his waistband in "Two Imposters" (3.11). One of Chalky's men appears to carry a similar Official Police in the same scene. This scene is set in May 1923, but the Official Police wasn't introduced until 1927.
Colt Police Positive (Blued)
Manny Horvitz (William Forsythe), the Odessa-born Jewish gangster from Philadelphia, carries a blued Colt Police Positive as his main sidearm. One of Nucky's men also carries a blued Police Positive in "Blue Bell Boy" (3.04). Eli (Shea Whigham) digs one out of his garage and hands it to Nucky (Steve Buscemi) in "Sunday Best" (3.07). This is presumably the same revolver that Owen (Charlie Cox) gave Eli in "Spaghetti & Coffee" (3.02).
Colt New Service
The youngest D'Alessio brother, Pius D'Alessio (Nicholas Martino), desperately attempts to load his Colt New Service in "A Return to Normalcy" (1.12).
Colt Police Positive (Nickel)
Throughout the third season, Enoch "Nucky" Thompson (Steve Buscemi) carries a nickel Colt Police Positive with pearl grips in a shoulder holster under his left armpit.
Mickey Doyle (Paul Sparks) carries a nickel-plated break-top Iver Johnson revolver in "Bone for Tuna" (3.03). In "Blue Bell Boy" (3.04), the young liquor thief Rowland Smith (Nick Robinson) also carries a nickel Iver Johnson until Nucky's men take it away from him. Harding administration fixer Gaston Means (Stephen Root) carries one when sneaking into Jess Smith's hotel room in "A Man, a Plan..." (3.10).
Pistols
Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless
Jimmy Darmody (Michael Pitt) carries a Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless in a shoulder holster. It is differentiated from the .380 ACP Model 1908 in "Home" (1.07), when Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) asks Jimmy what type of pistol he is carrying and Jimmy responds: "A Colt 1903". Richard also has one, seen in his case in "Two Imposters" (3.11).
In the fourth season, "Nucky" Thompson (Steve Buscemi) begins carrying a nickel-plated Model 1903 with pearl grips.
M1911
M1911 pistols are used throughout the series by many characters. Nelson Van Alden (Michael Shannon) carries one in a shoulder holster, both during and after his career as a Prohibition Bureau agent. "Chalky" White (Michael K. Williams) carries a matched set of nickel 1911s, notably using them to capture Meyer Lansky in "The Emerald City" (1.10). Capone (Stephen Graham) uses one for an assassination in "A Return to Normalcy" (1.12), and the M1911 becomes his standard sidearm through most of the show's run. Some of Sheridan's men in "Family Limitation" (1.06) carry M1911s. Lansky (Anatol Yusef) himself uses a chrome M1911 during the standoff in "The Age of Reason" (2.06). Clifford Lathrop (Curt Bouril), the Department of Justice agent assisting Esther Randolph, carries a M1911 in a shoulder holster. Dunn Purnsley (Erik LaRay Harvey), Chalky's second-in-command, carries a blued M1911. It appears to be the handgun of choice of Gyp's gangsters in the third season, including the ones who attack Nucky in his Ritz Carlton suite in "Two Imposters" (3.11).
After taking control of Atlantic City during the second season, Jimmy Darmody (Michael Pitt) upgrades from a Colt 1903 to a 1911, carried in condition one in a large brown leather shoulder holster.
Remington 1866 Derringer
Eddie Kessler (Anthony Laciura), Nucky's faithful German valet/bodyguard, fires a Remington 1866 Derringer at the D'Alessio brothers when they attempt to kill Nucky in "Belle Femme" (1.09).
M1911 Non-Gun
"Bugsy" Siegel (Michael Zegen) files off the serial number of a M1911 "Non-Gun" in "You'd Be Surprised" (3.05). Presumably, a non-gun (or a replica) was used to avoid damaging a real firearm.
Remington Model 51
Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) uses a Remington Model 51, carried in his right-hand pants pocket, during his assault in "Margate Sands" (3.12).
Savage 1907
One of Masseria's nephews, Incrocci (Mario Macaluso), threatens Jimmy with a Savage 1907 in New York in "Ourselves Alone" (2.02). Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) keeps one in his collection, seen best in "Two Imposters" (3.11).
Shotguns
Double Barreled Shotgun
Many characters use full length side-by-side Double Barreled Shotguns throughout the series. Jimmy Darmody (Michael Pitt) uses one when ambushing Rothstein's truck drivers in the pilot episode. Margaret Schroeder (Kelly Macdonald) uses a double-barreled shotgun that she hands off to Nucky (Steve Buscemi) in "Gimcrack and Bunkum" (2.05); she later carries a similar shotgun in "Ging Gang Goolie" (3.06). In the same episode, a hunter named Glenmore (Bill Camp) also carries one. Prohibition agents carry them during the first season, including Agent Sebso (Erik Weiner) during the raid in "Nights in Ballygran" (1.05). Deputy Halloran (Adam Mucci) carries one in "Anastasia" (1.04). Ignacious D'Alessio (Edoardo Ballerini) uses one to rob the casino in "Hold Me In Paradise" (1.08). Many of Chalky's men carry double-barreled shotguns also, specifically when going to war with Gyp's gangsters at the end of the third season.
Browning Auto-5
Browning Auto-5 shotguns are used by several characters throughout the series. In the pilot episode, Al Capone (Stephen Graham) carries a Browning Auto-5, as do several of Rothstein's drivers - including Davey Murdoch (Billy Smith) - and several Prohibition agents. Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) carries a cut-down Auto-5 in the second and third seasons.
Winchester Model 1912 Riot
Several Prohibition agents and some of Chalky's warehouse guards carry Winchester Model 1912 riot shotguns.
Luparas are used in several episodes. Al Capone (Stephen Graham) uses one in "Family Limitation" (1.06) to ambush members of Sheridan's Irish mob. Richard Harrow also uses one against the D'Alessio brothers in the episode "Return to Normalcy" (1.12). In "Battle of the Century" (2.09), Waxey Gordon's assassin Alfred Gordetsky (Scott Burik) uses one against Manny Horovitz.
Winchester Model 1912 Full Length
Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) takes a full size Winchester Model 1912 when he goes "hunting" in "Gimcrack and Bunkum" (2.05). A full size Model '12 is also used by a Klansman in "21" (2.01).
Winchester Model 1897 Riot
A woman who works in Chalky's warehouse uses a riot Winchester Model 1897 in "21" (2.01). Appropriately, Richard Harrow (Jack Huston) uses one when accompanying Jimmy on a revenge mission for the warehouse shooting in "To the Lost" (2.12) and when murdering an opponent in "Resolution" (3.01). Eli Thompson (Shea Whigham) also carries one in "To the Lost" (2.12) and "Margate Sands" (3.12). Corrupt Prohibition agents carry them in "Blue Bell Boy" (3.04) when raiding Rowland Smith's warehouse. Many of Gyp's men carry Winchester '97 riot shotguns toward the end of the third season, including one who has his shotgun wrestled away from him by Nucky (Steve Buscemi).
Submachine Guns
M1921AC Thompson
Enoch "Nucky" Thompson (Steve Buscemi) travels to Ireland to sell an early shipment of Thompsons to the IRA. The particular model featured is the M1921AC configuration with a 50-round drum magazine of .45 ACP ammunition, not developed until 1926 (anachronistic during a scene set in 1921.) As Nucky himself comments, "No relation."
Some of Gyp Rosetti's gangsters in the third season also carry Thompsons. The season is set in 1923, and the Thompson was still not as ubiquitous as it would become later in the decade.
In "21" (2.01), "Chalky" White (Michael K. Williams) picks one up from a fallen warehouse guard to shoot a KKK member.
M1903 Springfield
During the World War I flashback in "To the Lost" (2.12), Cpl. Jimmy Darmody (Michael Pitt) carries a M1903 Springfield with a bayonet attachment. Some of Chalky's men also carry Springfield rifles, specifically when confronting Gyp in "Two Imposters" (3.11).
Machine Guns
Browning M1917
A Browning M1917 is used by KKK members to assault a liquor warehouse run by Chalky White in "21" (2.01). In "Margate Sands" (3.12), Capone (Stephen Graham) uses a Browning M1917 to mow down Masseria's killers.
Other
Mark I Trench Knife
Jimmy Darmody (Michael Pitt) carries a 1918 Mark I Trench Knife in his left boot. The writers are doing a little bit of homework on this series as when Jimmy is asked what the point on the top of the handle is he says it's a skull crusher and is used for "cracking walnuts."
Colt Percussion cap gun
Eli Thompson (Shia Whigham) works to fix a cap gun resembling a Colt percussion revolver for his son Brian in "Gimcrack and Bunkum" (2.05).