Octopussy

The weapons seen in Octopussy are:

M16A1

During the precredits sequence in the unknown Latin American country, the soldiers all wield M16A1 rifles with 20 round clips. The two soldiers guarding Bond after he's captured are armed with M16A1s, after Bond pulls their parachute ripcords, commandeers one and uses it to shoot out the truck's left front tire, causing it to crash.

Walther P5

James Bond (Roger Moore) carries a Walther P5 as his sidearm in this movie, despite having told Q that "I appear to have mislaid my PPK". This was to appease Walther, who wanted to promote a new pistol.

Beretta 950 Jetfire

During the attack on Kamal Khan (Louis Jordan)'s palace, Octopussy (Maud Adams) pulls a nickel plated Beretta Jetfire on him, but is knocked out of her hand by Gobinda (Kabir Bedi)

Smith & Wesson Model 36

Used by the USAF Policeman guarding the airbase. Ocopussy uses one to shoot off the lock on the base of the Circus cannon, exposing the Atomic Bomb inside.

AKM/AKMS

AKM and AKMS rifles are used by virtually all of the Soviet Soldiers in the movie.

Steyr AUG

Oddily, Steyr AUGs are used by a few Soviet soldiers in the movie.

Short Magazine Lee-Enfield

Some of Kamal Khan's guards use Short Magazine Lee Enfield (SMLE) made by Ishapore of India, both the No. 1 Mk III and the No. 4.

SA Vz.58

Used by the East German border guards, some of Kamal's men, and Bond (most notably while sliding down the banister).