Lt. Colonel Mucci (Benjamin Bratt) uses an M1903 Springfield as his personal rifle, most notably to kill several Japanese soldiers crossing the river in an attempt to flank Filipino soldiers. He probably was given one by the Guerrillas as he was seen with only his M1911A1 earlier.
M1903A3 Springfield
A Filipino Guerrilla can be briefly seen with an M1903A3 Springfield at Balincarin.
M1903A4 Springfield
A Filipino Guerrilla uses a non-scoped M1903A4 Springfield at Balincarin. Lt. LeClaire (Scott McLean), the Alamo Scout who gives the Rangers their intel, carries a scoped version, which is always seen slung around his back.
M1 Garand
The M1 Garand is the main weapon of the 6th Ranger Battalion, and is used by some of the Filipino Guerrillas. Lt. Riley (Craig McLachlan) begins the raid by firing the opening shot with an M1 Garand. Also using the rifle are Captain Prince (James Franco), Cpl. Aliteri (James Carpathian), Cpl. Guittierez (Mark Consuelos), PFC Aldridge (Clayne Crawford) before he switches it for an M1A1 Bazooka, his spotter PFC Lucas (Sam Worthington) and PFC Daly (Diarmid Heidenreich).
M1 Carbine
Several Rangers wield and fire the M1 Carbine during the raid.
M1A1 Carbine
One of the Rangers uses an M1A1 Carbine, which uses a folding stock instead of the normal wooden stock of the M1 Carbine.
M1928A1 Thompson
Captain Juan Pajota (Cesar Mantano) wields a M1928A1 Thompson when the Guerrillas link up with the Rangers. It later changes to a M1 Thompson when he actually fires it.
M1 Thompson
Captain Juan Pajota (Cesar Mantano) uses an M1 Thompson during the raid on the POW Camp. Despite its similarities to the M1A1 model, the two can be told apart by looking at the sights - the M1 uses an L-shaped sight, in contrast to the triangular shape of the M1A1 sight.
M1A1 Thompson
1st. Sgt Sid "Top" Wojo (Max Martini) carries the M1A1 Thompson during the raid. Another Ranger uses a Thompson to blast the lock off one of the gates.
M1918A2 Browning Automatic Rifle
The M1918A2 Browning Automatic Rifle is used by the Rangers to lay suppressive fire during the assault. A Filipino Guerrilla uses the BAR as well.
Browning M1917A1
A Browning M1917A1 is one of the machine guns used by Guerrillas to hold the bridge.
Browning M1919A4
A Browning M1919A4 is used at the bridge by Filipino guerrillas to hold off Japanese soldiers.
Browning M2HB
A Browning M2HB briefly appears mounted on a US Halftrack in the end.
Colt M1911A1
Various Colt M1911A1 pistols are used by resistance members acting as bodyguards to Margaret Utinsky (Connie Nielson), as well as one of the Black Marketeers. Lt. Colonel Henry Mucci (Benjamin Bratt) carries one in his holster. Cpl. Aliteri (James Carpathian) shoots of the lock on the main gate at Cabanatuan with an M1911A1.
A Ranger fires an M7 Rifle Grenade from his M1 Garand at a Japanese fuel dump in the camp, creating a spectacular explosion.
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Mk 2 Hand grenade
Lt. Foley (Freddie Joe Farnsworth) uses a Mk 2 Hand Grenade to destroy a Japanese pillbox, during which he is wounded and forced to throw a grenade twice to finally silence the pillbox.
Japanese/Collaborator Weapons
Arisaka Type 38
The Arisaka Type 38 is the main weapon of the Japanese soldiers and guards, who use it throughout the film.
Type 92 Heavy Machine Gun
A Type 92 Heavy Machine Gun is fired by the Japanese soldiers in the pillbox during the raid. There are only a few brief shots, but enough to confirm it as a Type 92.
Type 99 Light Machine Gun
The Type 99 Light Machine Gun is the main machine gun of the Japanese troops, who use it to execute burning prisoners at Palawan and to defend the POW camp. Major Nagai (Motoki Kobayashi), the camp commandant, seizes one from a dead Japanese soldier, using it to fire at 1st Sgt. Sid "Top" Wojo (Max Martini) and PFC Daly (Diarmid Heidenreich) when they try to take out the mortar nest. He later stabs Wojo with the fixed bayonet, wounding but not killing him.
Mauser 1934 Pocket Pistol
A Black Marketeer and Collaborator fires a Mauser 1934 Pocket Pistol at the resistance when Margaret Utinsky (Connie Nielson) flees, noticing that the deal was a setup.
Mauser C96
A black marketeer draws a Mauser C96 from the small of his back but is shot by a resistance member after managing to squeeze off one shot. Unfortunately it blends in with the fence and I couldn't get a clear shot of this scene.
Nambu Type 14
A Nambu Type 14 is used by Lt. Hikobe. (Masa Yamaguchi), Major Nagai's (Motoki Kobayashi) enforcer, to execute prisoners in retaliation for an attempted escape by one of them. Nagai later draws his own Type 14 during the raid, but holsters it when he picks up a Type 99 Light Machine Gun. During a struggle with 1st Sgt. Sid "Top" Wojo (Max Martini), Wojo manages to grab it from the holster, killing Nagai and emptying it into his body. A Japanese officer briefly uses on in Manila when chasing after the fleeing resistance.