Inspector Harry Callahan's (Clint Eastwood) primary weapon as expected is his ".44 Magnum", the Smith & Wesson Model 29 with an 6 1/2" barrel. He comments in the film to his partner Insp. Kate Moore (Tyne Daly) that he particularly favors this gun due to penetration power, since he claims he's seen a .38 ricochet off a car windshield.
The 2" barrel version of Colt Python is carried by Callahan's partner, Inspector Kate Moore (Tyne Daly), who keeps it in her purse. This revolver is also carried by many members of the San Francisco Police Department.
M72A1 LAW rocket launchers are seen in the film, and are among the weapons taken from the depot by Maxwell (DeVeren Bookwalter) and his men. During the final battle on Alcatraz, Maxwell drops his LAW and it is picked up by Insp. Callahan (Clint Eastwood), who uses it to destroy the tower that Maxwell makes his last stand in. When the launcher is shown off to SFPD by a US Army instructor, the weapon is refered to as a "Laws", as if they imply someone by the name of Laws made it, as opposed to it being an acronym for "Light Anti-Tank Weapon".
An SFPD officer is seen aiming his Colt Trooper MK III during the robbery at the beginning of the film. In reality, the Colt Trooper was the sidearm of the SFPD in the 1970s.
Callahan's first partner in the film, Insp. Frank DiGiorgio (John Mitchum), carries a large N-Frame Smith & Wesson Model 27 with a 4" barrel as his sidearm.
Bobby Maxwell (DeVeren Bookwalter) uses a sawed off Ithaca 37 shotgun to kill one of the gas company workers at the beginning of the film. Later, an SFPD officer is seen using a full sized Ithaca while outside the liquor store being robbed.
M16 (SP1) rifles (with both birdcage and three-prong flash hiders) are used by the SFPD officers that arrest the Uhuru group, and later are seen among the weapons stolen from the Hamilton Firearms warehouse by Bobby Maxwell (DeVeren Bookwater) and his terrorist group, The People's Revolutionary Strike Force. They later use the guns to abduct the Mayor (John Crawford) and hold him on Alcatraz.
As Insp. Callahan (Clint Eastwood) goes to to investigate the priest in the church, People's Revolutionary Strike Force member Wanda (Samantha Doane), disguised as a nun, tries to fire a Remington 870 Folding Stock on him before being killed by Inspector Kate Moore (Tyne Daly).
One of the robbers (Joe Spano in an uncredited role) in the liquor store is seen using a Smith & Wesson Model 15 revolver. Later, Wanda (Samantha Doane) is seen holding up a bridge operator with one before killing him with it, and putting a sticker star on him.
As Maxwell and his men leave the Hamilton Firearms warehouse, a police detective fires his Colt Detective Special at their vehicle before being run over.
One of Maxwell's (DeVeren Bookwalter) men is seen holding a Smith & Wesson Model 10 while waiting in the van to enter the Hamilton Firearms warehouse. Later, the Mayor's (John Crawford) tries to fire a snub nose version before being killed.
While in the Hamilton Firearms warehouse, Miki (Jocelyn Jones) tries to draw an unknown pistol from her waist before being ordered to drop it by Insp. DiGiorgio (John Mitchum).
