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Vetterli Rifle: Difference between revisions
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The '''Vetterli rifle''' is a system designed by Swiss | The '''Vetterli rifle''' is a system designed by Swiss rifle maker Johann-Friedrich Vetterli. The ''Vetterligewehr'' marked the beginning of the multi-shot repeating rifle in the Swiss infantry in 1869. The weapon was one of the most advanced of its day in Europe. With an eleven-round tubular magazine and the rotary bolt with cylinder by Vetterli, this repeating rifle was superior to the infantry weapons common at the time. | ||
During the American Civil War, the superiority of repeating rifles over single-shot rifles was clearly demonstrated. This led the Swiss Federal Council to instruct the Commission for Army Armament to consider the introduction of such a rifle. The results were recorded in writing in a detailed message from the Federal Council to the Federal Assembly on January 9, 1863. The results of the shooting tests gave rise to a closer look at the choice of caliber. | |||
After trials with the [[Henry 1860|Henry]] and [[Winchester]] rifles, it was decided for the time being to acquire such weapons in the Swiss 10.5 mm ordnance caliber or to manufacture them themselves. After various trials, however, the commission agreed on a system developed by Johann Friederich Vetterli in 1867, combining the Winchester tubular magazine and cartridge feed under the barrel with a Dreyse cylinder breech. In contrast to the rifle introduced in 1869, the 1867 prototype had a hammer instead of the firing mechanism integrated in the breech cylinder. In 1870, Vetterli filed patent US109277 on the improvements. | |||
Vetterli rifles served in the Swiss army from 1869 to 1890 (M1869/70, M1871, M1878, M1881 versions, both rifles, and carbines). The Italian army also adopted this rifle as the M1870 (single-shot version, in 10.35x47mm R) and later put on service a modified version known as the Vetterli-Vitali equipped with a four-round box magazine designed by Giuseppe Vitali, also found on the [[Beaumont-Vitali Rifle]] (M1870/87 in 10.35x47mm R and M1870/87/15, converted to 6.5x52mm). During World War I, a party of Vetterli-Vitali rifles were purchased by Russia. The Vetterli Rifle was gradually replaced by the [[Schmidt-Rubin Rifle]] as the standard service rifle for the Swiss Army in the 1890s. | |||
Vetterli rifles can be identified by the unique shape of its trigger guard. | Vetterli rifles can be identified by the unique shape of its trigger guard. | ||
==Specifications== | ==Specifications== | ||
''Vetterli Modell 1869/71'' | |||
'''Type:''' Rifle | '''Type:''' Rifle | ||
| Line 16: | Line 23: | ||
'''Capacity:''' 11-round tubular magazine | '''Capacity:''' 11-round tubular magazine | ||
---------- | |||
{{Gun Title}} | |||
--- | ==Vetterli Model 1869/71== | ||
[[Image:Vetterli69.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Repetiergewehr Vetterli Modell 1869/70 - 10.4mm]] | |||
In improved variants, it was to remain the main weapon of the infantry until the introduction of the [[Schmidt-Rubin Model 1889]]. The Model 1869/71 is the first improved version for the ''Gewehrpatrone'' 71 (10.4mm rimfire). | |||
The model was 1300mm long, weighed 4.7 kilos, had a walnut stock, and sight up to 1200 meters. The tubular magazine under the barrel was inspired by the [[Winchester Model 1866|Winchester rifle]]. The cavalry got a short model with a 6-round magazine. | |||
<br clear=all> | |||
= | |||
=== Film === | ===Film=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | ||
|-bgcolor=#D0E7FF | |-bgcolor=#D0E7FF | ||
| Line 34: | Line 42: | ||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="50"|'''Date''' | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="50"|'''Date''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Finances of the Grand Duke (Die Finanzen des Großherzogs)]]'' || || A conspirator || Supposedly M69/ | | ''[[Finances of the Grand Duke (Die Finanzen des Großherzogs)]]'' || || A conspirator || Supposedly M69/71 || 1924 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=2|''[[Frontier (Aerograd)]]'' || || A sectant || Rifle of unclear model || rowspan=2|1935 | | rowspan=2|''[[Frontier (Aerograd)]]'' || || A sectant || Rifle of unclear model || rowspan=2|1935 | ||
| Line 40: | Line 48: | ||
| [[Boris Dobronravov]] || Aniky Shabanov || Converted shotgun | | [[Boris Dobronravov]] || Aniky Shabanov || Converted shotgun | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Is Paris Burning?]]'' || [[Roland Armontel]] || An elderly French Resistance fighter || || 1966 | |||
| ''[[Is Paris Burning?]]'' || [[Roland Armontel]] || An elderly French Resistance fighter || | |||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[The Last Hunt (Poslednyaya okhota)]]'' || [[Afanasiy Trishkin]] || Schulz || Sporterized M69/ | | ''[[The Last Hunt (Poslednyaya okhota)]]'' || [[Afanasiy Trishkin]] || Schulz || Sporterized M69/71 || 1980 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Serenity]]'' || Weston Nathanson || A bank clerk || | | ''[[Serenity]]'' || Weston Nathanson || A bank clerk || Carbine M69/71 || 2005 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 76: | Line 82: | ||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="100"|'''Date''' | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="100"|'''Date''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[The Empire of Corpses]]''|| Nikolai Krasotkin | | rowspan=2|''[[The Empire of Corpses]]'' || Nikolai Krasotkin || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2| 2015 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Ulysses Simpson Grant | |||
|- | |||
|} | |} | ||
=== Video Games === | === Video Games === | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | ||
| Line 88: | Line 97: | ||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="100"|''' Release Date''' | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="100"|''' Release Date''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Hunt: Showdown]]'' ||Vetterli 71 Karabiner ||Scope and bayonet available || Vetterli M1869/71 Carbine || 2018 | | ''[[Hunt: Showdown]]'' || "Vetterli 71 Karabiner" ||Scope and bayonet available || Vetterli M1869/71 Carbine || 2018 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
<br clear=all> | <br clear=all> | ||
==Vetterli Model 1878== | |||
[[Image:Vetterli 78.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Vetterli Repetiergewehr Ord. 1878 - 10.35x47mm R]] | |||
To increase production, the weapon was simplified and manufactured at the newly built ''Eidgenössische Waffenfabrik'' Bern. The 1878 and 1881 models had a new saber bayonet with a saw, improved sights, and an additional finger hook on the trigger guard. Magazine capacity rifle 12 plus 1 round. | |||
<br clear=all> | |||
===Film=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | |||
|-bgcolor=#D0E7FF | |||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="200"|'''Title''' | |||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="200"|'''Actor''' | |||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="200"|'''Character''' | |||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="150"|'''Note''' | |||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="50"|'''Date''' | |||
|- | |||
| ''[[The Kaiser's Lackey]]'' || || German soldiers || || 1966 | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
==Vetterli-Vitali M1870/87== | ==Vetterli-Vitali M1870/87== | ||
[[Image:Vetterli-Vitali.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Vetterli-Vitali M1870/87 - 10.35x47mm R]] | [[Image:Vetterli-Vitali.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Vetterli-Vitali M1870/87 - 10.35x47mm R]] | ||
<br clear=all> | |||
=== Film === | === Film === | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | ||
| Line 106: | Line 134: | ||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="50"|'''Date''' | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="50"|'''Date''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[The Death Ray (Luch smerti)]]'' || || || | | ''[[The Death Ray (Luch smerti)]]'' || || || seen on the ground || 1925 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Do Not Set Traps for Leshiy... (Ne stavte Leshemu kapkany...)]]'' || || A bandit || | | ''[[Do Not Set Traps for Leshiy... (Ne stavte Leshemu kapkany...)]]'' || || A bandit || || 1981 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=2|''[[The Winter Hut on the Studyonaya (Zimovye na Studyonoy)]]'' || Dmitri Nalivaichuk || Liodor || rowspan=2|Converted shotgun, probably based on M1870/70 || rowspan=2|1986 | | rowspan=2|''[[The Winter Hut on the Studyonaya (Zimovye na Studyonoy)]]'' || Dmitri Nalivaichuk || Liodor || rowspan=2|Converted shotgun, probably based on M1870/70 || rowspan=2|1986 | ||
| Line 135: | Line 163: | ||
==Vetterli M1870/87/15== | ==Vetterli M1870/87/15== | ||
[[Image:Vetterli 1870-87-15.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Vetterli M1870/87/15 - 6.5x52mm]] | [[Image:Vetterli 1870-87-15.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Vetterli M1870/87/15 - 6.5x52mm]] | ||
<br clear=all> | |||
=== Film === | === Film === | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | ||
| Line 145: | Line 173: | ||
!align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="50"|'''Date''' | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="50"|'''Date''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''[[Operation Caviar]]'' || ||A German soldier || | |''[[Operation Caviar]]'' || ||A German soldier || ||1961 | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 08:36, 22 April 2021
The Vetterli rifle is a system designed by Swiss rifle maker Johann-Friedrich Vetterli. The Vetterligewehr marked the beginning of the multi-shot repeating rifle in the Swiss infantry in 1869. The weapon was one of the most advanced of its day in Europe. With an eleven-round tubular magazine and the rotary bolt with cylinder by Vetterli, this repeating rifle was superior to the infantry weapons common at the time.
During the American Civil War, the superiority of repeating rifles over single-shot rifles was clearly demonstrated. This led the Swiss Federal Council to instruct the Commission for Army Armament to consider the introduction of such a rifle. The results were recorded in writing in a detailed message from the Federal Council to the Federal Assembly on January 9, 1863. The results of the shooting tests gave rise to a closer look at the choice of caliber.
After trials with the Henry and Winchester rifles, it was decided for the time being to acquire such weapons in the Swiss 10.5 mm ordnance caliber or to manufacture them themselves. After various trials, however, the commission agreed on a system developed by Johann Friederich Vetterli in 1867, combining the Winchester tubular magazine and cartridge feed under the barrel with a Dreyse cylinder breech. In contrast to the rifle introduced in 1869, the 1867 prototype had a hammer instead of the firing mechanism integrated in the breech cylinder. In 1870, Vetterli filed patent US109277 on the improvements.
Vetterli rifles served in the Swiss army from 1869 to 1890 (M1869/70, M1871, M1878, M1881 versions, both rifles, and carbines). The Italian army also adopted this rifle as the M1870 (single-shot version, in 10.35x47mm R) and later put on service a modified version known as the Vetterli-Vitali equipped with a four-round box magazine designed by Giuseppe Vitali, also found on the Beaumont-Vitali Rifle (M1870/87 in 10.35x47mm R and M1870/87/15, converted to 6.5x52mm). During World War I, a party of Vetterli-Vitali rifles were purchased by Russia. The Vetterli Rifle was gradually replaced by the Schmidt-Rubin Rifle as the standard service rifle for the Swiss Army in the 1890s.
Vetterli rifles can be identified by the unique shape of its trigger guard.
Specifications
Vetterli Modell 1869/71
Type: Rifle
Caliber: 10.4 mmR Swiss
Weight: 4.6 kg (10.1 lb)
Length: 1.3 m (51.18 in)
Barrel length: 842 mm (33.14 in)
Capacity: 11-round tubular magazine
The Vetterli Rifle and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:
Vetterli Model 1869/71
In improved variants, it was to remain the main weapon of the infantry until the introduction of the Schmidt-Rubin Model 1889. The Model 1869/71 is the first improved version for the Gewehrpatrone 71 (10.4mm rimfire). The model was 1300mm long, weighed 4.7 kilos, had a walnut stock, and sight up to 1200 meters. The tubular magazine under the barrel was inspired by the Winchester rifle. The cavalry got a short model with a 6-round magazine.
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finances of the Grand Duke (Die Finanzen des Großherzogs) | A conspirator | Supposedly M69/71 | 1924 | |
| Frontier (Aerograd) | A sectant | Rifle of unclear model | 1935 | |
| Boris Dobronravov | Aniky Shabanov | Converted shotgun | ||
| Is Paris Burning? | Roland Armontel | An elderly French Resistance fighter | 1966 | |
| The Last Hunt (Poslednyaya okhota) | Afanasiy Trishkin | Schulz | Sporterized M69/71 | 1980 |
| Serenity | Weston Nathanson | A bank clerk | Carbine M69/71 | 2005 |
Television
| Show Title | Actor | Character | Note | Air Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson (Priklyucheniya Sherloka Holmsa i doktora Vatsona) | Nikolai Kryukov | Colonel Sebastian Moran | Sporterized rifle based on Vetterli system | 1980 |
| Vitaly Solomin | Dr. Watson | |||
| Boryslav Brondukov | Inspector Lestrade |
Anime
| Title | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Empire of Corpses | Nikolai Krasotkin | 2015 | |
| Ulysses Simpson Grant |
Video Games
| Game Title | Appears as | Mods | Notation | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hunt: Showdown | "Vetterli 71 Karabiner" | Scope and bayonet available | Vetterli M1869/71 Carbine | 2018 |
Vetterli Model 1878
To increase production, the weapon was simplified and manufactured at the newly built Eidgenössische Waffenfabrik Bern. The 1878 and 1881 models had a new saber bayonet with a saw, improved sights, and an additional finger hook on the trigger guard. Magazine capacity rifle 12 plus 1 round.
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Kaiser's Lackey | German soldiers | 1966 |
Vetterli-Vitali M1870/87
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Death Ray (Luch smerti) | seen on the ground | 1925 | ||
| Do Not Set Traps for Leshiy... (Ne stavte Leshemu kapkany...) | A bandit | 1981 | ||
| The Winter Hut on the Studyonaya (Zimovye na Studyonoy) | Dmitri Nalivaichuk | Liodor | Converted shotgun, probably based on M1870/70 | 1986 |
| Yuriy Dubrovin | Mikhey Zotych |
Video Games
| Game Title | Appears as | Mods | Notation | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainbow Six Siege | Unusable | 2015 | ||
| Battlefield 1 | M1870/87 and M1870/87 Carbine. Introduced in "In the Name of the Tsar" DLC (2017) | 2016 | ||
| Tannenberg | "Vetterli-Vitali M1870/87" | 2019 |
Vetterli M1870/87/15
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation Caviar | A German soldier | 1961 |